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Abeka Physical Science > Test 6 > Flashcards

Test 6 Flashcards

1
Q

What principle states that the buoyant force experienced by an object is exactly equal to the weight of the fluid displaced?

A

Archimedes principle

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2
Q

What is the most important component of a heat pump?

A

refrigerant

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3
Q

Who first demonstrated the existence of invisible electromagnetic waves?

A

Heinrich Hertz

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4
Q

What is the heat required to change a given mass of a solid into a liquid?

A

heat of fusion

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5
Q

What is the amount of heat needed to change an object’s temperature by a given amount?

A

heat capacity

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6
Q

What law relates an object’s force, mass, and acceleration?

A

second law of motion

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7
Q

What is the process in which colors are produced by interference of reflected light?

A

iridescence

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8
Q

What fundamental force is responsible for elastic potential energy?

A

electromagnetic

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9
Q

What is the process of dissipating the energy of sound waves in matter?

A

absorption

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10
Q

Which law states that if the temperature of a gas remains constant, the volume and pressure are inversely proportional?

A

Boyle’s law

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11
Q

Which type of wave makes communication possible between ships, airplanes, and cellphones?

A

radio waves

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12
Q

What type of heat transfer occurs when a fan blows air in a room?

A

convection

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13
Q

What is the apparent slowdown in time for an object traveling at nearly the speed of light?

A

time dilation

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14
Q

When a whetstone is used to sharpen a knife, the stone performs work on the knife to remove excess metal. Water or mineral oil must be applied to the stone; otherwise, the blade will become too hot and warp. What scientific principle explains why the blade gets hot?

A

first law of thermodynamics

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15
Q

What happens to atmospheric pressure as altitude increases?

A

decreases

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16
Q

What is the term for a beam of light containing waves that are aligned in the same direction?

A

polarized

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17
Q

What is the Si base unit for mass?

A

kilogram

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18
Q

What is the product of an object’s mass and velocity?

A

momentum

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19
Q

What form of energy is associated with the position of an object and the forces acting upon it?

A

potential

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20
Q

What are the additive primary colors?

A

red, green, blue

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20
Q

What is the ability for other scientists to reach the same conclusion by performing the same experiment under different conditions and by performing other experiments to test the same hypothesis?

A

reproducibility

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20
Q

What are all nonzero digits, all zeros between nonzero digits, and zeros at the end of a number with a decimal point?

A

significant digits

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21
Q

What is the formula for the frequency of a wave?

A

frequency= waves/time

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21
Q

What is the phenomenon in which a liquid in thin tubes rises above or falls beneath its own level?

A

capillarity

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21
Q

What is considered a mixture of all the colors of light?

A

white

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22
Q

What is the fluid friction that tends to slow an object as it moves through a fluid?

A

drag

23
Q

What is an excited atom that releases two photons after a collision?

A

stimulated emission

24
Q

What is the output distance of a screw?

A

pitch

25
Q

Why is laser light extremely intense compared to normal light?

A

The beam is concentrated narrowly and coherently

26
Q

The speed of light in a vacuum is always _____, no matter how it is measured.

A

constant

27
Q

Which of the following is the phenomenon in which light above a certain frequency knocks electrons loose from the atoms of certain metals?

A

photoelectric effect

28
Q

Which fallacy occurs when a term is misleadingly used with two different meanings in a single argument?

A

equivocation

29
Q

What kind of heat transfer occurs between and hot pad and a casserole dish resting on it?

A

conduction

30
Q

What type of lens curves outward and bends light inward to converge on a point?

A

convex

31
Q

Which is the collective term for the three colors of pigments that can be combined to make most other colors?

A

subtractive primary colors

32
Q

What is a triangular glass object that separates light into its component colors through refraction?

A

prism

33
Q

In which type of wave do particles of the medium oscillate in the direction of wave motion?

A

longitudinal

34
Q

What is the bending of the path of a wave as as a result of a change in wave speed?

A

refraction

35
Q

Which type of ultraviolet radiation is mostly, but not completely, blocked by the atmospheric ozone layer?

A

UVB

36
Q

the strength of a sound wave

A

intensity

37
Q

the number of waves that pass a given point per unit of time

A

frequency

38
Q

the musical distance between two notes

A

interval

39
Q

the effect of frequency on the way the human ear perceives sound

A

pitch

40
Q

What is the use of lasers to transmit signals through narrow glass cables?

A

fiber optics

41
Q

What is any change in velocity?

A

acceleration

42
Q

What is a semicircular arc of colored bands of light formed by refraction in falling raindrops?

A

rainbow

43
Q

Light consists of tiny bundles or packets of energy called ______.

A

photons

44
Q

What occurs when light rays from a distant object pass through heated air and bend in such a way that the object appears nearby?

A

mirage

45
Q

What is a device designed to measure the heat involved in a physical or chemical change?

A

calorimeter

46
Q

What is a three-dimensional image produced by laser light?

A

hologram

47
Q

What is the quantity that measures the amount of disorder in a system?

A

entropy

48
Q

What is the general term for waves consisting of two transverse waves oscillating at right angles to each other?

A

electromagnetic waves

49
Q

What is the frequency just higher than ultraviolet rays?

A

x-rays

50
Q

What are the most energetic light waves, capable of penetrating all substances?

A

gamma rays

51
Q

What are light waves that have frequencies between microwaves and red visible light?

A

infrared rays

52
Q

What is the ability of a gas to be easily squeezed and compacted into smaller containers?

A

compressibility

53
Q

A mirror with the reflecting surface on the inside of a spherical surface is a ______ mirror.

A

concave

54
Q

Each of the dark fringes formed as light interferes destructively from a narrow slit is a _______.

A

node

55
Q

What is the process of a gas changing into a liquid?

A

condensation

56
Q

What is the transfer of heat without matter?

A

radiation

57
Q

The idea that gravity is a result of the geometry of space is part of the ______ theory of relativity.

A

general

58
Q

Momentum is proportional to the velocity, but _____ energy is proportional to the square of velocity.

A

kinetic

59
Q

Collision of particles ______ at higher temperatures.

A

increases

60
Q

Lens that curves outward to focus the sunlight to a point and can help start a campfire.

A

convex

Abeka Physical Science (8 decks)

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