test feedback revision

Question 1

Which changes of state need energy?

Answer 1

Melting, evaporating and sublimation

Question 2

What is an atom?

Answer 2

Simplest thing that can exist on its own

Question 3

What is a molecule?

Answer 3

2 or more atoms joined together by covalent bonds

Question 4

What is an ion?

Answer 4

Charged particle

Question 5

What is a mixture?

Answer 5

2 or more substances not chemically joined together

Question 6

Describe the structure of the atom

Answer 6

Nucleus that contains protons and neutrons with electrons in shells orbiting it

Question 7

What is the mass of a proton? neutron? electron?

Answer 7

P= 1, n = 1, e 1/1840 or negligible

Question 8

What are the charges on a proton? neutron? electron?

Answer 8

p = +, n = 0, e = -

Question 9

What does the proton number (atomic number) tell you?

Answer 9

Number of protons (which equals the number of electrons in an atom)

Question 10

How do you work out the amount of neutrons?

Answer 10

Mass number - atomic number

Question 11

How is a negative ion formed?

Answer 11

Gain an electron - non metals

Question 12

What happens in an ionic bond?

Answer 12

Electrons are given from metals to non-metals

Question 13

What happens in a covalent bond?

Answer 13

Electrons are shared between non-metals

Question 14

Which is the stronger bond covalent or ionic?

Answer 14

Ionic

Question 15

What are the differences between ionic and covalent compounds?

Answer 15

Ionic have higher mpt and bpt, are soluble in water, conduct electricity when molten, not volatile (do not evaporate easily)

Question 16

What does exothermic mean?

Answer 16

Gives out heat or energy

Question 17

What does endothermic mean?

Answer 17

Takes in heat

Question 18

In a chemical reaction what happens?

Answer 18

Bonds broken (endothermic) then new bonds made (exothermic)

Question 19

What is loss of oxygen in a reaction called?

Answer 19

Reduction

Question 20

In the reaction
Ca0 + Mg = MgO + Ca
What was oxidised and what was reduced?

Answer 20

Ca = reduced
Mg = oxidised

Question 21

What are group 1 called?

Answer 21

Alkali metals

Question 22

What are group 7 called?

Answer 22

Halogens

Question 23

What happens as you go down group 7?

Answer 23

Less reactive, more dense (more solid), darker colour

Question 24

Will a reaction occur?
Sodium chloride + iodine

Answer 24

No as Iodine is less reactive than chlorine

Question 25

Will a reaction occur?
Sodium chloride + fluorine

Answer 25

Yes as fluorine is more reactive than chlorine

Question 26

Why are the noble gases monoatomic?

Answer 26

Do not react as have a full outer shell

Question 27

Name the 3 acids, their formula and the salts they make

Answer 27

Hydrochloric HCl - chlorides
Sulphuric H2So4 - sulphates
Nitric HNO3 - Nitrates

Question 28

How do you make an insolube salt?

Answer 28

Mix and wait till you see no more reaction then filter and the salt is in the filter paper

Question 29

How do you make a soluble salt?

Answer 29

Mix and wait till you see no more reaction, filter then evaporate to leave the salt crystals

Question 30

What does metal + acid make?

Answer 30

Salt + hydrogen

Question 31

What does metal oxide + acid make?

Answer 31

Salt + water

Question 32

What does metal hydroxide + acid make

Answer 32

salt + water

Question 33

What are the properties of metals?

Answer 33

conductors of heat and electricity, high mpt. high bpt, malleable, ductile

Question 34

What makes one metal more reactive than another

Answer 34

The less electrons it has to lose and how easy it is to lose them to form a positive ion