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Chemistry (Tara) > Test for ions and radicals > Flashcards

Test for ions and radicals Flashcards

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1
Q

Thiosulphate: equation

A

S₂O₃2-

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2
Q

Thiosulphate: reagent

A

Add dilute HCl to get four products.

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3
Q

Thiosulphate: observations

A
  • A yellow precipitate of sulphur forming.
  • Sulfur dioxide gas given off = distinct smell as it is quite pungent.
  • the ppt is sulphur (S)
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4
Q

Thiosulphate: How to identify sulphur dioxide gas

A

By putting a spot of potassium permanganate on filter paper and hold over reaction, purple colour disappears as sulphur dioxide acts as a reducing agent reducing Mn (+7) which is purple to Mn (+2) which is colourless.

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5
Q

Sulphate equation

A

SO₄2-

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6
Q

Sulphate reagent

A

Add barium chloride solution, a white ppt of barium sulfate is formed.

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7
Q

Sulfate - why is dilute HCl added?

A

To distinguish - no reaction (white ppt remains) as barium sulphate is insoluble in dilute acid.

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8
Q

Sulphite equation

A

SO₃2-

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9
Q

Sulphite reagent

A

Add barium chloride solution, a white ppt of barium sulfite is formed.

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10
Q

Sulphite - to distinguish between the two precipitates.

A

Add dilute HCl solution to distinguish, the ppt disappears and sulphur dioxide gas is given off if a sulfite ion is present.

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11
Q

Sulphite reaction - what happens if you add dilute HCl solution to the white ppt of barium sulfate?

A

The ppt remains as no reaction occurs.

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12
Q

Carbonate and hydrogen carbonate equations.

A

CO₃2- and HCO₃-

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13
Q

Carbonate and hydrogen carbonate reaction - reagent.

A

Add dilute acid

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14
Q

Carbonate and hydrogen carbonate: what happens when you add dilute acid and how do you know?

A

if a carbonate or hydrogen carbonate is present then carbon dioxide will be given off and can be noted by light effervescence

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15
Q

Carbonate and hydrogen carbonate: how to test for CO2 gass

A

bubble the carbon dioxide through a colourless solution of limewater. it turns milky white

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16
Q

what is limewater?

A

an aqueous solution of calcium hydroxide

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17
Q

to distinguish between a Carbonate and hydrogen carbonate: reagent

A

add magnesium sulfate to both

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18
Q

formula for magnesium sulfate

A

MgSO4

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19
Q

to distinguish between a Carbonate and hydrogen carbonate: if a carbonate is present

A

white ppt is produced - magnesium carbonate

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20
Q

to distinguish between a Carbonate and hydrogen carbonate: if a hydrogen carbonate is present and why

A

no ppt present as magnesium hydrogen carbonate is soluble in the solution

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21
Q

what happens if you boil magnesium hydrogen carbonate and why

A

you get a white ppt as hydrogen carbonates decompose on heating

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22
Q

Nitrate: reagents

A

freshly made Iron (II) sulphate solution

concentrated H2SO4

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23
Q

Nitrate: H2SO4

A

sulphuric acid

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24
Q

Nitrate: is there a ppt in aqueous nitrate solution and why

A

no because nitrate ion is soluble in water

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25
Nitrate: what colour is the fresh Iron (II) sulphate solution
a greenish colour
26
Nitrate: how do you add the conc. H2SO4 soln.?
slowly ad carefully down the inside of the test tube
27
Nitrate: what falls to the bottom of the test tube?
the sulphuric acid
28
Nitrate: how do you confirm that it's a nitrate
a brown ring forms at the junction of the substances
29
Nitrate: formula for the substance that is the brown ring
FeSO4.NO
30
Nitrate: formula for nitrate ion
NO3-
31
chloride: ion
Cl-
32
chloride: reagents
silver nitrate solution and concentrated nitric acid
33
chloride: confirmation
immediate white ppt forms
34
chloride: why is the reaction immediate
it is an ionic reaction
35
chloride: what does the immediate formation of the white ppt tell us?
that there are chloride ions present in the aqueous soln. tested
36
phosphate: ion
PO4 3-
37
phosphate: reagents
ammonium molybdate and 5 drops of conc. nitric acid
38
phosphate: what condition is needed?
heat gently
39
phosphate: confirmation
yellow ppt. forms
40
phosphate: name of yellow ppt.
ammonium phosphomolybdate
41
Thiosulphate: equation for the thiosulphate molecule
Na2S2O3
42
Thiosulphate: equation for hydrochloric acid
HCl
43
Thiosulphate: equation for sodium chloride
NaCl
44
Thiosulphate: equation for sulphur dioxide gas
SO2 (↑)
45
Thiosulphate: equation for water
H2O
46
Thiosulphate: equation for sulphur ppt
S (↓)
47
Thiosulphate: balanced equation for complete reaction
Na2S2O3 + 2HCl -> 2NaCl + SO2 (↑) + H2O + S (↓)
48
Thiosulphate: 3 products
sodium chloride sulphur dioxide gas sulphur
49
sulphate: equation for ion
SO4 2-
50
sulphate: equation for molecule with sulphate
Na2SO4 (aq)
51
sulphate: equation for barium chloride
BaCl2 (aq)
52
sulphate: equation for barium sulphate
BaSO4 (↓) (s)
53
sulphate: equation for sodium chloride
NaCl (aq)
54
sulphate: equation for complete equation
Na2SO4 (aq) + BaCl (aq) -> BaSO4 (↓) (s) + 2NaCl (aq)
55
sulphate: which is the ppt?
BaSO4 barium sulphate
56
sulphite: equation for molecule with sulphite
Na2SO3 (aq)
57
sulphite: equation for barium chloride
BaCl2 (aq)
58
sulphite: equation for barium sulphite
BaSO3 (↓) (s)
59
sulphite: equation for sodium chloride
2NaCl (aq)
60
sulphite: equation for complete reaction
Na2SO3 (aq) + BaCl2 (aq) -> BaSO3 (↓) (s) + 2NaCl (aq)
61
sulphite: what is the ppt
BaSO3 (↓) (s) | barium sulphite
62
sulphite: what are the 2 products
BaSO3 (↓) (s) | 2NaCl (aq)
63
to distinguish between a sulphate and sulphite: complete equation
BaSO3 (s) + 2 HCl (aq) -> BaCl2 (aq) + H2O (l) + SO2 (↑) (g)
64
carbonate: equation for molecule with carbonate ion in it
Na2CO3 (aq)
65
carbonate: equation for hydrochloric acid
HCl (aq)
66
carbonate: equation for sodium chloride
NaCl (aq)
67
carbonate: equation for water
H2O (l)
68
carbonate: equation for carbon dioxide
CO2 (↑) (g)
69
carbonate: equation for complete reaction
Na2CO3 (aq) + 2HCl (aq) -> 2NaCl (aq) + H2O (l) + CO2 (↑) (g)
70
hydrogen carbonate: equation for molecule with hydrogen carbonate ion in it
NaHCO3 (aq)
71
hydrogen carbonate: equation for hydrochloric acid
HCl (aq)
72
hydrogen carbonate: equation for sodium chloride
NaCl (aq)
73
hydrogen carbonate: equation for water
H2O (l)
74
hydrogen carbonate: equation for carbon dioxide
CO2 (↑) (g)
75
hydrogen carbonate: equation for complete reaction
NaHCO3 (aq) + HCl (aq) -> NaCl (aq) + H2O (l) + CO2 (↑) (g)
76
to test for carbon dioxide gas: equation for carbon dioxide
CO2 (g)
77
to test for carbon dioxide gas: equation for limewater
Ca(OH)2 (aq)
78
to test for carbon dioxide gas: equation for calcium carbonate
CaCO3 (↓) (s)
79
to test for carbon dioxide gas: equation for water
H2O (l)
80
to test for carbon dioxide gas: equation for complete reaction
CO2 (g) + Ca(OH)2 (aq) -> CaCO3 (↓) (s) + H2O (l)
81
to test for carbon dioxide gas: what was the ppt
CaCO3 (↓) (s)
82
to distinguish between a Carbonate and hydrogen carbonate: equation for complete reaction between the reagent magnesium sulphate and the CARBONATE ion
Na2CO3(aq) + MgSO4 (aq) -> MgCO3 (↓) (s) + Na2SO4 (aq)
83
to distinguish between a Carbonate and hydrogen carbonate: if there is a white ppt it is a
carbonate
84
what is the ppt that proves the carbonate
MgCO3 (↓) (s) magnesium carbonate
85
to distinguish between a Carbonate and hydrogen carbonate: equation for complete reaction between the reagent magnesium sulphate and the HYDROGEN CARBONATE ion
NaHCO3(aq) + MgSO4 (aq) -> Mg(HCO3)2 (aq) + Na2SO4 (aq)
86
equation for when you boil Mg(HCO3)2
Mg(HCO3)2 --heat--> MgCO3 (↓) + H2O+ CO2 (↑)
87
nitrate: equation for iron (II) sulphate
FeSO4
88
nitrate: equation for sulphuric acid
H2SO4
89
chloride: equation for molecule with chloride in it
NaCl (aq)
90
chloride: equation for silver nitrate
AgNO3 (aq)
91
chloride: equation for nitric acid
HNO3 (aq)
92
chloride: equation for sodium nitrate
NaNO3 (aq)
93
chloride: equation for silver chloride
AgCl (↓)(s)
94
chloride: what is the white ppt
AgCl (↓)(s) silver chloride
95
phosphate: equation for nitric acid
HNO3

Chemistry (Tara) (50 decks)

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