Test One

Question 1

Lipopolysaccharides (LPS)

Answer 1

Outer membrane components of gram negative bacteria

Question 2

Peptidoglycan

Answer 2

An important structural polymer
In the cell walls of most bacteria

Question 3

Flagellin

Answer 3

A structural protein
Of the flagellum

Question 4

Phospholipids

Answer 4

Group of polar lipids
Consist of:
-two fatty acids
-a glycerol unit
-a phosphate group
Esterfied into an organic molecule

Question 5

Siderophores

Answer 5

Molecules
Low molecular weight
Chelate bonded to iron with very high and specific affinity

Question 6

Lithotroph

Answer 6

Microorganism
Use inorganic substrate to get it electrons
Yum thanks, this will drive my energy acquisition

Question 7

Plasmid

Answer 7

DNA molecule
Separate from chromosomal DNA, haven’t heard of her
Just fucking little, circular
Found in BACTERIA and other microorganisms

Question 8

Psychrofillic

Answer 8

Extremophillic organism (fucking sick)
Low low temps
-20 to 10 degrees C

Question 9

🤨Lipid A

Answer 9

Component of endotoxin
Makes it too toxic
In gram negative bacteria

Question 10

How many bacterial cells are colonizing an average human?

Question 11

How many bacterial cells are in the ocean?

Question 12

Why are bacteria important in the ocean?

Question 13

Describe the methods used to differentiate live from dead bacteria

Question 14

To identify a bacterium mediated phenotypic tests you will need first:

Question 15

To test oxidase indicate that the bacterium have the following enzyme:

Question 16

To test indole indicate that the bacterium have the following enzyme

Question 17

What type of method can be utilized for genotyping identification of cultivable bacteria

Question 18

The major component of a bacterial cell wall is the

Answer 18

Peptidoglycan

Question 19

The discovery of the microbes or animalicules was made by __ using the first microscope

Answer 19

Leeuwenhoek

Question 20

The germ theory, which contradicts the spontaneous generation theory, was described by

Question 21

The major component of the gram negative membrane is

Question 22

The acid fast bacteria are characterized by possessing __ molecules in the membrane

Question 23

🤨Why are bacteria important in the ocean?

Answer 23

Primary productivity
…

Question 24

What is the most abundant species in the ocean and why?

Question 25

What is the great plate anomaly?

Question 26

What is a critiacsl step in the gram strain technique that allows to distinguish between gram positive and gram negative bacteria

Question 27

What are stromatolites

Question 28

What is a phenotypic characterization if microbes?

Question 29

Why is the 16S rRNA gene utilized for bacterial taxonomy?

Question 30

Compare: bacterial cells bs eukaryotic cells

Question 31

Compare cold sweeps vs thermal vents

Question 32

The 18s gene is a conservative gene that allows to determine the photogenic relationship of

Question 33

This 16s gene is a conserved gene that allows you to determine phylogenies relationships of

Question 34

The smallest bacterial genome is ___

Question 35

The primary mechanism of bacterial evolution are ____,_____, and _____

Question 36

What are the only bacterial pathogens that affect humans?

Question 37

You have to isolate and cultivate a nov marine bacterium that can produce electricity from light. Give a brief description of how you can identify this microbe species.

Question 38

Summarize the key experiment and insight that shaped the controversy over spontaneous generation, and how were they answered?

Question 39

Metatranscriptomics will help to answer

Question 40

Metagenomics will help to answer

Question 41

A bacterial membrane with high fluidity will contain more abundance of

Question 42

Compare gram positive vs gram negative

Question 43

Compare genomics vs transcriptomics

Question 44

Compare metagenomics vs metatranscriptomics

Question 45

Compare catabolism vs anbolism

Question 46

What are the essential features of the heterotrophic catabolism?

Question 47

What is the advantage of the cholondny method vs the traditional method for marine bacterial quantification?

Question 48

How seagrass ecosystems help to reduce the exposition to bacterial pathogenes?

Question 49

What method was utilized to determine bacterial pollution in beach sands after a typhoon?

Question 50

Why the 16s molecule is utilized to assess bacterial species?

Question 51

You have been hired by the DFO to assess bacterial diversity in the libraries sea. Before your samples arrive, you need a plan. Please, describe the steps to determine the microbial diversity in the samples from the Labrador Sea.

Question 52

You have successfully determined the bacterial diversity in the Labrador Sea. However, your supervisor ask you for the metabolic processes of these microorganisms. Please describe the methods to address this question.

Question 53

Flagella serotyping

Question 54

Cell wall

Question 55

Extra chromosomal genetic element

Question 56

Phospholipid bilayer

Question 57

Oligo-polysaccharide serotyping

Question 58

Teichoic acid

Question 59

Mycobacterium

Question 60

Unculturable bacteria

Question 61

Leeuwenhoek