Test two Flashcards
(51 cards)
Number of Thoracic Vertebrae
12
At the end of the vertebrae. Made up of five fused bones.
Sacrum
Bones in the hand
Metacarpals
Bones in the feet
Metatarsals
The spinal cord passes through the _____ from the brain to the vertebral column.
Foramen Magnum
Average number of bones in the adult human body.
206
Average number of bones in an infants body
over 400
Longest and heaviest bone in the human body
Femer
the ordering of organisms into categories, such as orders, families, and genera, to show evolutionary relationships.
Classification
The phylum of the animal kingdom that includes vertebrates.
Chordata
Similarities between organisms based strictly on common function, with no assumed common evolutionary descent.
analogies
similarities between organisms based on decent from a common ancestor.
Homologies
Continental drift
Pangea during Paleozoic
North Half - Laurasia, South Half Gondwanaland. During Mesozoic
North America, South America, Antarctica, Australia, Madagascar, India, Africa, Eurasia
A type (subclass) of mammal. During the Cenozoic, placentals become the most widespread and numerous mammals and today are represented by upward of 20 orders, including the primates.
Placental
Egg-laying mammals
Monotremes
Pouched mammas
Marsupials
The relatively rapid expansion and diversification of life-forms into new ecological niches.
adaptive radiation
All primates see in color
and have a longer life spans
An organism’s entire way of life: where it lives, what it eats, how it gets food, how it avoids predators, and so on.
Adaptive Niche
Lemurs
The only primates, only found on Madagascar and adjacent islands of the east cost of Africa. Approximately 60 species.
Range in sizes from 5 inches to 2-3 feet
Big ones are diurnal and eat leaves, fruits, buds, bark and shoots
Small ones are nocturnal and are insectivorous
Mostly arboreal, some like ringtail are terrestrial.
Some live in groups from 10-25 of both sexes and ages, families or solitary.
Tarsiers
Five species only on the islands of South Asia.
Habitat range from tropical forest to backyard gardens.
Nocturnal insectivores live on lower branches.
Mated Pair and offspring
More closely related to lemurs and lorises.
Large immobile eyes
rotate head 180 degrees
New World Monkeys
70 species in wide
range of environments from South Mexico to Central and south America
Range in size, diet and adaptations.
12 ounces to 20 lbs
Most are arboreal one is diurnal
Two species have claws and give birth to twins.
Social groups with either mated pair or two males and one females with offspring.
Marmosets and tamarins males extensively involved in infant care.
Fruits, leaves and insects
Most quadrupedal few semibrachiators
prehensile tails
Old World Monkeys
Most widely distributed
Sub-Saharra Africa and southern Asia from tropical jungles to semiarid desert and snow-covered areas in north Japan
taxonomic family Cerocpithecidae
subfamilies cercopithecines and colobines
Most are arboreal some spend a lot of time on land but go to trees at night
Hardened skin on buttocks called ischial callosities
Cercopithecine more omnivorous
Colobine leaf eaters, small groups
Sexual dimorphism
Strepsirhini
The primate suborder that includes lemurs and lorises
