Flashcards in test2 Deck (37)
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1
metacentric chromosome position
in the middle
2
Submetacentric chromosome
off center
3
Acrocentric
Near one end
4
Telocentric
is at one end
5
what is pleitrophy
a single gene with multiple phenotype effects
6
what is marfan syndrome
-is autosomal dominant
-encodes connective tissue fibrillin
-causes aneurisms, eye defects, weak bones
7
what are the effects of Porphyria Variegata
-red urine, delirium, abdominal pain
8
Amorph
null mutation(loss of function)
9
Hypomorph
reduced expression of gene product(partial loss)
10
Hypermorph
Increased expression of gene function
11
Neomorph
New function of mutant protein
12
Antimorph
New activity that effects wild type function
13
Overview of meiosis (what happens)
chromosomes duplicate once, nuclei divide twice (2N->n)
14
What happens in Prophase 1
Crossing over occurs
15
what happens in prophase 1- leptotene
chromosomes thicken
16
what happens in prophase 1- zygotene
homologous chromosomes enter synapsis
synaptoneal complex forms
17
what happens in prophase 1- pachytene
synapsis is complete
crossing over occurs
18
whats happen in prophase 1- diplotene
synaptic complex dissolves
tetrad of 4 chromosomes is visable
19
what happens in prophase 1- diakinesis
chromatids thicken and shorten
20
what happens in metaphase 1
tetrads line along middle
21
what happens in telophase 1
Nuclear envelope reforms (2 sis chromatids)
22
swyer syndrome
2n=46, XY
don't develop female secondary characteristics
23
Androgen Insensitivety syndrome
2n=46yy
lack of androgen receptors
24
klinefelter syndrome
47, XXY
genatilia and internal male
result of nondisjunction event
25
Turner Syndrome
45XO
female external genetalia + internal
result of nondisjunction event
26
47,XXX syndrome
some phenotypically normal, while some have underdeveloped secondary characteristics
27
47, XYY condition
phenotypically male, usually over 6 f
28
dihybrid cross ratio
9:3:3:1
29
9:7 ratio indicates
complementary gene action
30
9:3:4 ratio indicates
recessive epistatis
(labradors, ee masks effect of B)
31
12:3:1 ratio indicates
dominat epistasis 1
the dominant allege of one gene masks both alleles of the other gene
(grey horses)
32
13:3 ratio indicates
dominant epistasis 2
the dominant allele of one gene masks the dominant allele of the other gene
33
15:1 ratio indicates
Redundant gene
only one dominant allele of 2 genes is necessary to produce phenotype
34
Frans Janssens
observed chiasmata at chromosomes during prophase of meiosis 1
35
T.H Morgan
Suggested chiasmata were sites of chromosome breakage + exchange
36
Creighton/ McClintock
direct evidence that recombinant depends on reciprocal exchange of chromosomes
37
