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Chemistry synoptic revision 2023 > tests > Flashcards

tests Flashcards

1
Q

How do you test for an alkene?

A

Bromine water

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2
Q

What is observed when an alkene is added to bromine water?

A

The Bromine water changes from orange to colourless.

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2
Q

Why does an alkene decolourise bromine water?

A

It reacts by electrophilic addition

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3
Q

What does sodium carbonate test for?

A

Acids

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4
Q

What is observed when sodium carbonate is added to an acid?

A

Effervescence (CO2 gas is released)

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5
Q

What is observed when acidified potassium dichromate is added to a primary alcohol?

A

The dichromate is reduced changing from orange to green

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6
Q

What is observed when acidified potassium dichromate is added to a secondary alcohol?

A

The dichromate is reduced changing from orange to green

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7
Q

What is observed when acidified potassium dichromate is added to an aldehyde?

A

The dichromate is reduced changing from orange to green

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8
Q

What is observed when acidified potassium dichromate is added to a tertiary alcohol?

A

No change (tertiary alcohols can not be oxidised)

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9
Q

What is observed when acidified potassium dichromate is added to a ketone?

A

No change (ketones can not be oxidised by potassium dichromate)

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10
Q

What is observed when acidified potassium dichromate is added to a carboxylic acid?

A

No change (carboxylic acids can not be oxidised by potassium dichromate)

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11
Q

Tollen’s reagent is a test for which functional group?

A

Aldehyde

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12
Q

What is observed when Tollen’s reagent is added to an aldehyde?

A

A silver mirror forms

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13
Q

What happens to an aldehyde when it is tested using Tollen’s reagent?

A

the aldehyde is oxidised to a carboxylic acid

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14
Q

What is observed when Tollen’s reagent is added to a ketone?

A

No visible change

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15
Q

What reagent is used to test for ammounium ions?

A

Heat with NaOH

16
Q

What is observed when ammounium (NH4+) ions are heated with NaOH

A

Gas released turns red litmus paper blue

17
Q

What gas is released when ammonium ions are warmed with NaOH

A

ammonia gas (NH3)

18
Q

What is Fehlings solution a test for?

A

Aldehydes

19
Q

What is observed when an aldehyde reacts with Fehling’s solution?

A

Brick red precipitate

20
Q

How do you test for a haloalkane

A

Add NaOH and warm to substitute the halide ion
Acidify with NHO3
Add AgNO3
Once a ppt is formed add dilute ammonia
Then add conc ammonia

21
Q

What are the results for the haloalkane test

A

A white,cream, yellow ppt will form of AgCl,AgBr or AgI
On addition of ammonia, AgCl will dissolve
With conc ammonia- AgBr will dissolve but AgI ppt will remain

22
Q

Test for hydrogen gas and result

A

Apply a lit splint
A squeaky pop

23
Q

Test for CO2 gas

A

Bubbler through lime water- solution goes cloudy

24
Q

Test for O2

A

Apply a glowing splint
The splint will re-light

25
Q

Test for SO42- ions and result

A

BaCL2, white ppt forms

26
Q

Halide ions test and result

A

Add HNO3 then AgNO3
White ppt- Cl- ions are present which will dissolve in dilute ammonia
Cream- Br- ions are present which will dissolve in conc ammonia
Yellow- I- present which are insoluble in ammonia

27
Q

test for CO32- and result

A

Add any acid- effervescence

Chemistry synoptic revision 2023 (16 decks)

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