Tests and Solubility Rules Flashcards
(30 cards)
How to carry out flame test?(5)
1) Take a nichrome wire
2) Dip into HCl
3) Put into bunsen burner flame
4) Dip into sample of a metal salt
5) Put into roaring/blue flame
What is the colour of a flame of Magnesium
White brilliant flame, white smoke
What is the colour of a flame of Lithium?
Crimson (red)
What is the colour of a flame of Sodium?
Yellow
What is the colour of a flame of Potassium?
Lilac
What is the colour of a flame of Calcium?
Brick Red
What is the colour of a flame of Copper?
Blue/Green with white flashes
How to carry out a test for Cl-, Br-, I-?
Add nitric acid to remove impurities then silver nitrate
What is the colour of precipitate will be produced when Silver nitrate mixed with Cl-?
White
What is the colour of precipitate will be produced when Silver nitrate mixed with Br-?
Cream
What is the colour of precipitate will be produced when Silver nitrate mixed with I-?
Pale yellow
How to carry out test for sulphates?
Add HCl to remove impurities then Ba2Cl
What is the main impurity in sulphates?
Carbonate ions
How does the main impurity get into sulphates?
Hard water
What is the test for Sulphates? (SO4 -2) Result?
Add Barium chloride/ White precipitate
What is the test for Carbonates (CO3 -2) Result?
Add hydrochloric acid/ Bubbles turning limewater cloudy
What is the colour of the precipitate when Sodium Hydroxide reacts with Cu2+?
Pale blue
What is the colour of the precipitate when Sodium Hydroxide reacts with Fe2+?
Green
What is the colour of the precipitate when Sodium Hydroxide reacts with Fe3+?
Red-brown
What is the test for Ammonium ion NH4 +/ Result?
Add sodium hydroxide and gently warm/ Unpleasant smell and turns damp litmus paper blue
What is the solubility rule for Nitrates?
Soluble
What is the solubility rule for Ammonium Salts?
Soluble
What is the solubility rule for Chlorides?
All soluble accept Lead Chloride and Silver Chloride
What is the solubility rule for Sulphates?
All soluble accept Barium, Lead
