Text 3

Question 1

What are the two functions of the thalamus ?

Answer 1

• passing on sensory infomation to the cerebral cortex

- modulatin input and output of the brain

Question 2

What is the function of the ventral lateral nucleus ?

Answer 2

• process somatensory information
• and are also good for motor control
• cary info from basel ganglia to motor cortex

Question 3

What is the function of the anterior nucleus ?

Answer 3

• receives input from the mammillary nuclei and from the presubilicum
• role is memory and emotion

Question 4

What is the function of the medial nuclei ?

Answer 4

• consist of mediodorsal nucleus

- role in memory recieves input from basel ganglia amygdala and midbrain

Question 5

What is the funtcion of the posterior group ?

Answer 5

• medial nucleus = auditory system
• lateral geniculate nucleus = is for visuell input (recieving)
• the pulvinar = also to vision output

Question 6

What are the four relay nuclei ?

Answer 6

• posterior, anterior medial and ventral neuclei

- specififc for a function

Question 7

What is so special regarding the somatensory cortex ?

Answer 7

• neurons are somatotopically organized

- also that body mass is not proportional to the area of the cortex

Question 8

where are the sensory neurons located for the lower limb ? (unteren gelidmaßen)

Answer 8

• neurons located more medial

Question 9

Where are the sensory neurons located regarding the upper body ?

Answer 9

• neurons located lateraly

Question 10

Which body parts has the largest cortical space in the somatensory cortex ?

Answer 10

• the finess body parts (fingers)

- those have mor commputational collumn

Question 11

Name the structure of the somatensory cortexs ?

Answer 11

• has 4 complete maps

- 3a,3b 1 and 2

Question 12

What happens in area 3

Answer 12

• basic processing

Question 13

What happens in area 1.

Answer 13

• high order processing

Question 14

What happens in area 2

Answer 14

• tactile info is combined with limb position to mediate the recognition of objects

Question 15

What is so special regarding the primary motor cortex ?

Answer 15

• also somatotopically

Question 16

Explain the pathway regarding the motor cortex:

Answer 16

• it goes from left to right hemisphere
• from primary motor cortex via the internal capsule trough out the midbrain pons medula , cortiospinal tract to the spinal cord

Question 17

Where does the crossing over regarding the motor cortex takes place ?

Answer 17

• in the medual in a place called pyramidal decuusation

Question 18

By which brain structure is the motor output influneced ?

Answer 18

• cerebellum and basel ganglia

Question 19

What is the function of the cerebellum regarding the motor output ?

Answer 19

• it provides feedback
• gains info from spinal cord and neocortex
• error correcting
• based on effectivened in prior movements
• but majorly it influnces the ventro lateral nucleus of thalamus

Question 20

What is the function of the basel ganglia regarding the motor output ?

Answer 20

• sends singanls to cortical motor areas

- if damaged it leades to major dysnfucntion in motor activites

Question 21

Explain the pathway regarding the somatensory cortex:

Answer 21

from the senorymotor cortex via the ventrol posterios lateral nucleus to the midbrian pons mdedulla towards the sensory decussation towards the spinal cord
- from right to left hemisphere

Question 22

Where does the crossing over regarding the sensory motor cortex takes place ?

Answer 22

• sensory decussation