textbook - Ch. 2 - Early Globalization, The Atlantic World, 1492-1650 Flashcards
Describe the Portuguese Empire
Based upon Gold, sugar, ivory, and slaves. Produced sugar plantations and slave trade posts
Who were the most famous Spanish and Portuguese explorers?
Christopher Columbus, Hernan Cortes, Francisco Pizzaro
Why did European explorers and colonists travel to the New World?
King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella wanted to expand Catholicism, so they would fund voyages. They wanted an advantage over Portugal
How did the Spanish, led by Hernan Cortes, defeat the Aztects at Tenochtitlan?
Cortes formed alliances with/ enemy Aztec tribes and then sieged the Aztecs. In 1521, Tenochtitlan was renamed Mexico City.
What was the protestant reformation?
A split of Christianity to reform the church
What were Martin Luther’s criticisms of the Catholic Church?
The church allows people to keep sinning. Germans did not understand Latin.
What is Calvinism?
Emphasized human powerlessness before a god, few people are chosen for salvation
describe the French Empire in the New World
They played catch-up w/Spain, attempting to replicate their riches. Colonized tropical zones and North America
What was the Dutch empire based upon?
Based Upon Calvinism and trade. very religious, and liked the color orange
Who is Bartolome de la Casas? What did he advocate in his writing?
A Spaniard who denounced the brutality of the Spanish rule. he wrote the black legend, in which Spaniards had no regard for human life
Describe the economic theory of mercantilism
The perception of wealth between the 1500-1700s. The only wealth that existed was silver and gold bullion.
