Textbook Chap 3

Question 1

Neuropsychology

Answer 1

The study of the rain, its functions, and its role in behaviours and psychological processes

Question 2

Lambic system

Answer 2

An intricately connected system of brain structures responsible for primal emotional drives, including fear, aggression, hunger, and sexual arousal

Question 3

Laterization

Answer 3

The localization or seculization of particular processes or functions ( language/ spatial skills) to a particular hemispheres of the brain

Question 4

Frontal lobes

Answer 4

The largest loves the cerebral cortex which govern higher order thinking, decision making, functions, and aspect of personality

Question 5

Organic Braun syndrome OBS

Answer 5

A general term referring to diseases, usually not psychiatric disorders that result in decreased mental functioning. Numerous physical conditions can resultin organic brain dysfunction, including head trauma or injury, degenerative diseases, strokes, a rare infections, or low levels of oxygen in the brain.

Question 6

Neuropsychological tests

Answer 6

Test or tasks designed to measure cognitive or motor functions that are believed to be linked to specific brain structures. Poor performance on these tests provides an indirect indication that an area of the brain may be damaged or malfunctioning

Question 7

Brain plasticity

Answer 7

The brains ability to change structure and function and to develop new neural connections

Question 8

Positron emission tomography PET

Answer 8

An imaging technique that involves injecting the body with radioactive substances to locate diseases and evaluate organ function. Procedurally, the patient is injected and performs a task known as to activate particular regions of the brain so tha the scan, which measures blood glow, can provide an indication for the organs activity

Question 9

Prefrontal cortex

Answer 9

The part of the brain located in the anterior region of the frontal lobe and which governs higher ordering thinking, or executive control functions, and aspects of personality

Question 10

Emotional lability

Answer 10

An emotional instability, wherein an individuals mood or emotional expressions can change rapidly without warning

Question 11

Executive control functions ECF

Answer 11

Housed in the prefrontal cortex, a variety of higher order cognitive skills that include decision making, planning, and predicting, focusing attention, understanding abstraction and logic, and exercising control

Question 12

Disinhibitation sysndrom

Answer 12

An inability to exercise mental control over emotional responses or to insider alt, socially accepted responses in stressful situations

Question 13

Episodic dyscontrol syndrome EDS

Answer 13

A pattern of recurrent, generally uncharacteristic outbursts of uncontrollable and unprovoked rage

Question 14

Temporal love epilepsy

Answer 14

A neurological disorder that originates in the temporal lobes and is characterized by uncontrollable seizures stem in. From abnormal electrical activity in the brain

Question 15

Amygdala

Answer 15

An almond shaped subcortical structure that is part of the limbic system, which processes emotional information in the enviorment and plays a role in somatic or emotional memory

Question 16

Fight or flight response

Answer 16

The bodys automatic physiological response to anxiety - or fear inducing situations, which readies a person to flee from danger or respond with aggression too protect bones self

Question 17

Violence inhibition mechanism VIM

Answer 17

A biological system, and part of the fight or flight response, that is activated by distress signals and subsequently triggers inhibitory emotional responses from the amygdala

Question 18

Hemispheric asymmetry

Answer 18

The asymmetirical distribution or latrization of particular functions, such as language and regal skills, to one hemisphere of the brain

Question 19

Nervous system

Answer 19

The comprehensive network of never cells - or neurons, tissue, and organs - that regulates and coordinates all the body’s activities

Question 20

Endocrine system

Answer 20

A network of glans that secretes hormones into the bloodstream regulating several essential functions, including growth, metabolism, and sexual development

Question 21

Dopamine

Answer 21

A major neurotransmitter that operates like a biochemical switch, activating other neurotransmitter systems. Dopamine is also involved in approach oriented or exploratory, behaviours and pleasure seeking actins

Question 22

Norepinephrine

Answer 22

A neurotransmitter and horse that is synthesized from dopamine and plays a role in a number of functions governed in the autonomic nervous system, including fight or flight response

Question 23

Automatic nervous system

Answer 23

The part of the peripheral nervous system that is responsible for regulating automatic or involuntary functions, including the fight or flight response

Question 24

Serotonin

Answer 24

A neurotransmitter that’s plays a role in several emotional and behavioural processes, including mood, appetite, and sleep regulation, and behaviour inhabitation

Question 25

Behavioural activation system BAS

Answer 25

A biological system that triggers emotional responses in the amygdala and activated behaviours in response to rewards and non punishment

Question 26

Behavioural information system BIS

Answer 26

A biological system that triggers emotional responses in the amygdala and activated behaviours in response to aversive stimuli, such as punishment

Question 27

Hormones

Answer 27

Chemical messengers secreted by the endocrine system that play a role in the regulation of several vital bodily functions, including growth, metabolism, and sexual development

Question 28

Testosterone

Answer 28

An androgen, or male sexual hormone, that is responsible for the development of male sex charectoritsics

Question 29

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia

Answer 29

A disorder of adrenal glans that can result in a failure to produce sufficient levels of certain hormones such as cortisol, and excessive production of androgens

Question 30

Social dominance

Answer 30

A form of non physical aggression that is characterized by the behaviours designed to achieve higher rankings or hierchcial status in social peer groups

Question 31

Challenges hypothesis

Answer 31

A theory that attempts to account for observed relationships between testosterone level and aggressions. The hypothesis proposes that males testosterone levels will rise in situations that challenge reproductive success or mating

Question 32

Psychophysiology

Answer 32

The study of the relationship between the underlying physical and chemical functions of living organisms and their psychological states

Question 33

Avoidance learning

Answer 33

A process whereby individuals learn to initiate or inhibit certain behaviours in response to aversive stimuli

Question 34

Skin conductance

Answer 34

A measure off changes in the skins resistance to electrical currerets, which is closlgtg connected to perspiration levels; it corresponds directly too autonomic nervous system functioning and indirectylu to one’s emotional state