Textbook chapters 6, 7, and 8

Question 1

Which ancient philosophical tradition did Plotinus represent?

Answer 1

Neoplatonism

Question 2

St. Augustine rejected this Neoplatonic claim.

Answer 2

The reality that the One is an impersonal, indefinable, and indescribable god.

Question 3

What do Phrrhonic skeptics maintain?

Answer 3

People should suspend judgement on all issues

Question 4

Which argument did St. Augustine use to refute total Academic skepticism?

Answer 4

When I am doubting, if follows automatically I exist because I am a doubter

Question 5

What did Hypatia think about the study of mathematics astronomy?

Answer 5

They were ways of checking Platonic and Neoplatonic metaphysics and epistemology against the physical universe.

Question 6

How did St. Thomas Aquinas distinguished philosophy from theology?

Answer 6

Philosophy is based on reason while theology is based on divine revelation faith.

Question 7

Which view did Aquinas accept?

Answer 7

A physical thing are composed of matter plus form

Question 8

What did Aquinas maintain concerning the human soul?

Answer 8

It is a direct creation of God

Question 9

Plotinus believed in a personal, definable God as the source of reality and truth.

Answer 9

False

Question 10

Platonism and Neoplatonism caused Augustine to reject skepricism and prepared him for Christianity.

Answer 10

True

Question 11

Augustine accepted the doctrine of creation ex nihilo.

Answer 11

True

Question 12

Augustine thought that God was in time, which is an objective feature of the world.

Answer 12

False

Question 13

Both Academic and Pyrrhonic skeptics are modified skeptics.

Answer 13

False

Question 14

Sextus Empiricus believed that occasionally we are aware of any object as it is independent of us.

Answer 14

False

Question 15

St. Augustine used the principle of noncontradiction to refute Academic skepticism.

Answer 15

True

Question 16

Hypatia totally rejected ptolemy’s earth-centered astronomy.

Answer 16

False

Question 17

Regarding universals, conceptualism is the position that universal terms refer to something that really exists outside of the mind.

Answer 17

False

Question 18

According to Aquinas, the great truths of Christian theology are both contrary to and beyond human reason.

Answer 18

False

Question 19

For Aquinas, what a thing is (its essence) is not the same as that is (its existence).

Answer 19

True

Question 20

According to Aquinas, the great truths of Christian theology are both contrary to and beyond human reason.

Answer 20

False

Question 21

For Aquinas, what a things is (its essence) is not the same as that it is (its existence).

Answer 21

True

Question 22

Which claim did Descartes used to establish the certainty of his existence?

Answer 22

I think; therefore I am

Question 23

What was clarity and distinctness a mark of, for Rene Descartes?

Answer 23

Truth

Question 24

Which statement would Thomas Hobbes have accepted?

Answer 24

All mental phenomena is derived ultimately from perception.

Question 25

Anne Conway advocated what sort of metaphysics?

Answer 25

Monadology

Question 26

Which claim about God did Anne Conway make?

Answer 26

God is an eternal creator, existing outside the dimension of time

Question 27

What did Benedict Spinoza think a person is?

Answer 27

A substance with God and with nature

Question 28

What did john Locke believe about perception?

Answer 28

External world impinge on our senses, which convey into the mind ideas represent the way things actually are in the external world.

Question 29

What did George Berkeley mean about such things as tables and chairs when he denied the existence of matter?

Answer 29

There are no material things that exist outside the mind

Question 30

By doubting everything he could possible doubt, Descartes hoped to discover something he could know with absolute certainty

Answer 30

True

Question 31

A major problem for dualism metaphysic of Descartes is explaining how immaterial mind and matter (material body) interact.

Answer 31

True

Question 32

Hobbes would maintain that properties of an external object do really exist in the object.

Answer 32

False

Question 33

Conway argues that, since God is an eternal creator, the universe did not have a moment of creation because always existed.

Answer 33

True

Question 34

Spinoza argues that thought and extension are the only two attributes of the one infinite substance.

Answer 34

True

Question 35

Bishop George Berkeley criticized and rejected Locke's belief in a world of material objects existing independently of our perceptions of them.

Answer 35

True

Question 36

Empiricists argue that all of our intellectual ideas come from sense experience.

Answer 36

True

Question 37

For Berkeley, no sensible object can exist independently of perception.

Answer 37

True

Question 38

In denying the existence of matter, Berkeley is in effect denying that chairs and tables even exist.

Answer 38

False

Question 39

What do we directly observe, according to David Hume?

Answer 39

Sense impressions

Question 40

What is the self, according to Hume?

Answer 40

A successive perceptions

Question 41

Why can't we have cause and effect knowledge, according to Hume?

Answer 41

We can experience a constant conjunction between events

Question 42

What is perception, for Immanuel Kant?

Answer 42

The application of the mind to sense impression (sense -date)

Question 43

Why can we know that all of our future experiences will be in space and time, according to Kant?

Answer 43

Because these are possible experience based on the perceiving past of the mind.

Question 44

What does kant mean by the noumenal world?

Answer 44

The world as it really is, independently of our knowledge of it

Question 45

According to Absolut idealism, what is the relationship between being real and being knowable?

Answer 45

All reality is knowable, an expression of infinite consciousness

Question 46

What is the highest reality (the Absolute), for Hegal?

Answer 46

Infinite though reflects on itself

Question 47

Hume believed that our ideas can go beyond our sense impressions and have impression of the mind about the world of physical objects.

Answer 47

False

Question 48

David Hume wrote the Critique of Pure Reason.

Answer 48

False

Question 49

Kant held, to qualify as experience, sensory stimulation must be unified in a single connected consciousness.

Answer 49

True

Question 50

Kant did not believe that it is possible to know anything about the world as it is in inself, without having our experiences of it.

Answer 50

True

Question 51

The absolute idealists refused to accept Kant's belief in an unknowable reality.

Answer 51

True

Question 52

For Hegel, reality is a group of independent particulars or states of affairs.

Answer 52

False

Question 53

For Hegel, nothing is completely real or true expect the whole of reality, the Absolute.

Answer 53

True

Question 54

Schopenhauer believed humans are totally rational in their actions

Answer 54

False

Question 55

According to Schopenhauer, the will does the structuring of the phenomenal

Answer 55

True