tfn Flashcards
Environmental Theory
Nightingale
Defined nursing as: “the act of utilizing the environment of the patient to assist him in his
recovery”, that involves the nurse’s initiative to configure environmental settings
appropriate for the gradual restoration of the patient’s health, and that external factors
associated with the patient’s surroundings affect life or biologic and physiologic processes,
and his development
Nightingale
Philosophy and Science of Caring / Transpersonal Caring
Jean Watsons
Attributes her emphasis on the INTERPERSONAL AND TRANSPERSONAL qualities of CONGRUENCE, EMPATHY AND WARMTH to Carl Rogers
Jean Watsons
nurses are not here to manipulate and control others but rather to understand was profoundly influential at a time when CLINICALIZATION(therapeutic control and manipulation of patient) was considered a norm.
Jean Watsons
She describes a “transpersonal caring relationship” as a foundational to her theory
Jean Watsons
It is a special kind of human care relationship- a union with another person—high regard for the whole person and their-being-in-the world.
Jean Watsons
Emphasized that nursing is the application of an art and human Science through transpersonal caring transactions to help persons achieved mind-body soul harmony, which generates self knowledge, self control, self care and self healing. She included health promotion and treatment of illness in Nursing.
Jean Watsons
