thorax and lungs

Question 1

A reference point for counting ribs and intercostal spaces

Answer 1

Suprasternal notch

Question 2

space between lungs and chest cavity

Answer 2

mediastinum

Question 3

Lobes of Lung

Answer 3

Right Lung
3 lobes, upper, middle , lower

Left Lung
LUL = Left Upper and Lower ( 2 lobes)

Question 4

4 Major Functions of the Respiratory System

Answer 4

Supply O2 for energy production
Remove CO2 , waste product of energy reactions
Homeostasis, acid-base balance of arterial blood
Heat exchange

Question 5

mechanical art of breathing and is accomplished by expansion of the chest both vertically and horizontally.

Answer 5

Ventilation

Question 6

contraction of the diaphragm

Answer 6

vertical expansion

Question 7

intercostal muscle lift the sternum and elevate the ribs– increase in AP diameter

Answer 7

horizontal expansion

Question 8

The enlargement of the chest cavity will result into creation of slight negative pressure in the lungs in relation to the atmospheric pressure, resulting in an inflow of air into the lungs

Answer 8

Inspiration

Question 9

passive in nature
-occurs with relaxation of the intercostal muscles and diaphragm

Answer 9

Expiration

Question 10

type of sputum could indicate pulmonary edema;

Answer 10

white and frothy

Question 11

type of sputum could indicate pulmonary embolism;

Answer 11

hemoptysis

Question 12

type of sputum is often indicative lung infection or pneumonia

Answer 12

green and purulent

Question 13

type of sputum could indicate pneumonia, lung abscess

Answer 13

blood stained

Question 14

type of sputum amount may indicate advanced chronic bronchitis

Answer 14

yellow/green

Question 15

Anteroposterior Diameter should be < Transverse Diameter

Answer 15

1:2 or 5:7

Question 16

what is thorax shape

Answer 16

oval

Question 17

Ratio of the anteroposterior to transverse is

Answer 17

1:1

Question 18

Seen in client with thoracic kyphosis and emphysema

Answer 18

Barrel Chest

Question 19

Permanent deformity that maybe caused by rickets

Answer 19

Pigeon test

Question 20

Protruding sternum
Narrow transverse diameter, increased anteroposterior diameter

Answer 20

Pigeon Test

Question 21

Pectus excavatum
Congenital defect
Sternum is depressed
Narrowing of the anteroposterior diameter

Answer 21

Funnel Chest

Question 22

INCREASED CURVED ON THE THORACIC SPINE

Answer 22

kyphosis

Question 23

palpable vibration of sound from the larynx- use palmer base of fingers- “99” or Blue Moon

Answer 23

tactile fremitus

Question 24

Fine – high pitched popping- not cleared by coughing. Simulate sound by rolling strand of hair b/t fingers near ear or moisten thumb& index finger & separate them near your ear
Course crackles- (opening a velcro fastener)

Answer 24

Crackles (Rales)

Question 25

coarse & low pitched, 2 pieces of leather rubbed together close to ear

Answer 25

Pleural Friction Rub

Question 26

High pitched, musical squeaking = air squeezes - asthma

Answer 26

Wheeze

Question 27

high pitched, inspiratory, crowing, louder in neck = croup, acute epiglottitis

Answer 27

Stridor

Question 28

Low pitched musical snoring, moaning, =obstruction

Answer 28

Rhonchi

Question 29

Fast, deep respirations 30 to 170 seconds punctuated by periods of apnea lasting 20 to 60 seconds

Answer 29

Cheyne’s Stokes

Question 30

Fast (over 20 breaths/minute), labored respirations without pause

Answer 30

Kussmaul

Question 31

Unpredictable irregularity, may be shallow or deep, stop for short periods

Answer 31

Biot