The Abdomen

Question 1

What is viscera

Answer 1

viscera is all the interanal organs in the abdominal cavity

Question 2

difference between hollow and solid viscera

Answer 2

Solid viscera are those internal organs that maintain a characteristic shape.
Hollow viscera depends on its content and are not usually palpable

Question 3

examples of solid viscera

Answer 3

PASLOUK
- pancreas
-adrenal gland
- spleen
- liver
-ovaries
-uterus
-kidney

Question 4

examples of hollow viscera

Answer 4

SSCBG
- small intestine
- stomach
- colon
- bladder
- gallbladder

Question 5

internal organs in the right upper abdominal wall

Answer 5

DR. LGP (s)
- duodenum
- right kidney and adrenal gland
- liver
- gallblader
- parts of ascending and descending colon
- small intestine

Question 6

internal organs in the left upper abdominal wall

Answer 6

SSLBP (s)
- stomach
- spleen
- left lobe of liver, left kideney and adrenal gland
- body of pancreas
- part of transcending and descending colon
- small intestine

Question 7

internal organs in the right lower abdominal wall

Answer 7

CAROFUS (s)
- cecum
- appendix
- right ovary
- right Fallopian tube
- right ureter
- right spermatic cord
- small intestine

Question 8

internal organs in the left lower abdominal wall

Answer 8

PLOFUSS (s)
- part of the descending colon
- left ovary
- left Fallopian tube
- left ureter
- spermatic cord
- sigmund colon
- small intestine

Question 9

difficulty swallowing/disorder with the throat

Answer 9

dysphagia

Question 10

bowel sound originate from…?

Answer 10

the movement of air and fluid through the small intestine

Question 11

which is normal, vascular or no vascular sound?

Answer 11

No Vascular Sound

Question 12

what is a scratch test?

Answer 12

are assessment that help defins the liver border when the abdominal muscles are tensed
- begin at the RLQ
- when the sound becomes magnified, it means you crossed the border from a hollow to a solid organ.

Question 13

Hooking Technique

Answer 13

is a technique used to palpate the liver. stand at patient right shoulder.

Question 14

is it abnormal to palpate the spleen?

Answer 14

Yes. Because the spleen is not palpable in its normal size as its too small.
Note: the left kidney is also not palpable.

Question 15

Location of the stomach

Answer 15

below the diaphragm between the liver and spleen.

Question 16

location of the gallbladder

Answer 16

posterial surface of the liver, lateral to the midclavicular line

Question 17

location of the spleen

Answer 17

posterolateral wall of the abdominal cavity immediately under the diaphragm

Question 18

location of pancreas

Answer 18

behind the stomach, LUQ

Question 19

salivation, gastric acid secretion, liver size and renal function decrease with age. true or false?

Answer 19

TRUE

Question 20

in newborn, the urinary bladder is lower in the abdomen

Answer 20

false. it is higher

Question 21

what percussion sound is heard over solid viscera

Answer 21

dullness
- hyper reasonance is heard with gaseous distension

Question 22

tips on palpating the abdominal wall

Answer 22

• make gentle rotary movemnet with four fingers close together
• lift the finger, dont drag them
• move clockwise around the abdomen

abnormal finding
- rigid
- tenderness
- large masses
- muscle guarding

Question 23

3 types of hernia

Answer 23

• umbilicus hernia: (protruded belly button) protrusion of intestione through incomplete umbilicus ring.
• epigastric hernia: protrusion from the linea alba. only palpable when the patient is standing
• incisional hernia: a bulge near an old incision scar. might not show in a supine position, itc clear in a sit up/standing position.