The Age Of Explorations

Question 0

Name and explain the three ships people used to explore land

Answer 0

Lateen:very easy to steer but very light(easily shipwrecked)
Clinker built:very strong but hard to steer
Caravel:lateen style sails and clinker built bodies

Question 1

What were the causes of exploration?

Answer 1

Search for land build an empire
Myths and legend
New route to the East
New ships and navigation
Desire to spread christianity

Question 2

Name and explain some navigation aids?

Answer 2

Compass: used to find direction
Log and line: Measured speed
Astrolabe: to find position
Quadrant:find latitude

Question 3

Name the five points of life on boardship

Answer 3

Leader, assistant, crew, food, diseases

Question 4

Name and explain the leader of the ship?

Answer 4

Leader: captain of ships and in charge of ships raised in a wealthy background, well educated and a proper gentleman

Question 5

Name and explain the assistant of the boardship?

Answer 5

Assistant: The first mate, friends with the captain comes from a wealthy background

Question 6

Name and explain the crew of the boardship?

Answer 6

Crew:sailors were ex criminals, criminals amd thugs

Question 7

Name and explain the food in the boardship?

Answer 7

Foods in boardship: biscuits, hardtack, cheese, onions, dried beans, salted or fresh fish,rum

Question 8

What hardtack?

Answer 8

Hardtack:crushed oats mixed with water usually infested with black beetles

Question 9

What would the crew suck on when food ran out?

Answer 9

They would suck of leather

Question 10

Name and explain the diseases that could be in boardship?

Answer 10

Scurvy: lack of vitamin C, fresh fruit and vegetables caused bloody gums and lose of teeth
Dysentry:stale water whenever you ate it came out quickly

Question 11

Why did people find a new route to the East?

Answer 11

Reason: great silk road was too expensive spices were needed to preserve food, medicinal needs, seasoning, hide rotten meat taste

Question 12

Why did rulers sponsor voyages?

Answer 12

To spread christianity and build an empire

Question 13

What are portolan charts?

Answer 13

Maps of the coast

Question 14

Who was the explorer that made it to the west coast

Answer 14

Henry the Navigator

Question 15

Henry the Navigator

Answer 15

Son of king John
Built sailing school Sagres Portugal
Searched west coast africa for prestor john and to indiaSucceeded to Ivory coast
Started new slave trade with africans
Made portolan charts of west coast africa
Died 1460 and mapped 2,400km coastline

Question 16

Who was the explorer to reach the tip of africa?

Answer 16

Bartholomew diaz 1487

Question 17

Points about Bartholomew diaz

Answer 17

He got three ships(name and year)
Aim to find new route to the east
January 1488 lost sight of land for 13 days
When land was found they realized they were at the tip lf Africa
First european to enter indian ocean
Name this area the Cape of Storms
Wanted to continue to asia but his crew made him turn back
When he came to Portugal king john renamed Cape of Storms Cape of Good Hopes

Question 18

Who was the explorer that found a new route to the east?

Answer 18

Vasco da Gama 1497

Question 19

Name the first six points about vasco da gama?

Answer 19

1497 got three ships
Avoided stormy weather, out in the atlantic ocean
Tip of africa on christmas day (natal is the name of place)
Hired a guide from east coast of africa to india
May 1498 in calicut india
Boat-filled spices

Question 20

Name the last two points about vasco da gama?

Answer 20

Return journey lasted 3 months, many crew members died of scurvy
In 1499 da Gama returned to Portugal

Question 21

What are the key words about Christopher Columbus?

Answer 21

1492, Queen Isabella and King Ferdinand, |Nina, Pinta and Santa Maria|, Canary Islands, Fake log, San Salvador, 1493, cruel, 3 or 4 more voyages, Amerigo Vespucci, 1506

Question 22

When did Christopher Columbus start his voyage?

Answer 22

1492

Question 23

Name and explain the following points about christopher columbus

a) Queen Isabella and King Ferdinand, b)Nina, pinta santa maria
c) Canary Islands

Answer 23

A: christopher columbus ask queen isabella and king ferdinand to give him three ships three times
B:Nina, pinta and santa maria were the three ships christopher columbus had he sailed Santa Maria.
C: during the voyage he went to the canary island to collect vitamin C fruit and vegetables

Question 24

Name three popular spices

Answer 24

Cinnamon, pepper, nutmeg

Question 25

Consequences of the Exploration

Answer 25

``` Creations of empire New goods to and from the new world New european view of the world Impact on natives Growth of slave trade Wars between Empire powers ```

Question 26

The conquistadores (cortes)

Answer 26

1519 Cortes, cuba capture aztec Empire. Retreated 600men to technotitlian Indians Capitol of Technotitlian 200k lived Mexico Montezuma Against the Spanish

Question 27

Name the goods from America

Answer 27

Potatoes, chilli, turkey, chocolate, tobacco

Question 28

Name the goods in Europe

Answer 28

Coffee, sugar, goats, wheat, pigs

Question 29

What were the new views european of the world

Answer 29

Maps---> portolan charts World was round - proven Pacific Ocean New Continent

Question 30

What was the impact the exploration had on natives

Answer 30

Native customs, religions and traditions were forbiden Culture was destroyed Diseases e.g cold, small pox, flu caused them death

Question 31

Why did the slave trade grow?

Answer 31

The Portuguese began it, millions of slaves went to the new world to work on sugar and coffee plantations, the voyage there was the middle passage, the slave trade lasted 300years

Question 32

Ferdinand Magellan 1519

Answer 32

5 ships, Trinidad, San Antonio, Santiago, conception and Victoria Portuguese captain + Spanish =Mutiny- Magellan killed them quickly it to port st.julian (winter months), Santiago - ship wrecked ,San Antonio - deserted, Tip of America - Magellan Straits, rough seas, deaths, volcanoes, Pacific Ocean named because it is so peaceful, 3 months to cross it 100men died, Philippines-Tribal war, 26 April 1521-dies - poison arrow, First mate continued voyage Sebastion del Cano, Spice islands loaded, Sept 1522 arrived