The Atmosphere - Chapter 1: Mechanisms of Heat Transfer

Question 1

Why are all matter said to contain thermal energy?

Answer 1

They all are composed of atoms or molecules in constant motion

Question 2

When a substance is heated, its atoms move _______

Answer 2

faster

Question 3

Atoms moving faster leads to a ____ in thermal energy

Answer 3

increase

Question 4

What are we literally sensing when we determine how hot or cold something is?

Answer 4

The average motion of the atoms of molecules

Question 5

The measure of the average motion of the atoms of molecules in a substance?

Answer 5

Temperature

Question 6

___ is the energy that flows because of temperature differences

Answer 6

Heat

Question 7

(Heat/cold) is transferred from (warm/cold) to (warm/cold) objects

Answer 7

Heat
warmer
cooler

Question 8

If two temperatures are in contact, the warmer object will be cooler and the cooler object warmer until ___

Answer 8

they reach the same temperature

Question 9

Name three mechanisms of heat transfer

Answer 9

Conduction
Convection
Radiation

Question 10

True or false: radiation can travel through the relative emptiness of space

Answer 10

True

Question 11

The transfer of heat through matter by molecular activity (like a metal spoon left in hot pan)

Answer 11

Conduction

Question 12

___ are usually good conductors

Answer 12

metals

Question 13

What is an example of a poor conductor of heat?

Answer 13

air

Question 14

Heat gained by the lowest layer of the atmosphere from radiation or conduction is most often transferred by ___

Answer 14

convection

Question 15

What is convection?

Answer 15

The transfer of heat by the movement of a mass or substance from one place to another

Question 16

True or false: convection can only take place in liquids

Answer 16

False; it can also take place in gasses

Question 17

___ motions in the atmosphere are responsible for the redistribution of heat from equatorial regions to the poles and from the surface upward

Answer 17

Convection

Question 18

Horizontal convective motions such as winds are often called ___

Answer 18

advection

Question 19

(Advection/Convection) often used to describe vertical motions in the atmosphere

Answer 19

Convection

Question 20

The type of energy that can cause sunburns and much more

Answer 20

radiation/electromagnetic radiation

Question 21

True or false: radiation requires no material to transmit it

Answer 21

True

Question 22

What is the most important difference between electromagnetic waves

Answer 22

Their wavelengths from one crest to the next

Question 23

Which waves have the longest wavelengths

Answer 23

Radio

Question 24

Which waves have the shortest wavelength?

Answer 24

Gamma rays

Question 25

What is the only portion of the electromagnetic spectrum that we can see?

Answer 25

visible light

Question 26

Using a prism, we can divide white light into colors of the ___

Answer 26

rainbow

Question 27

Which color has the shortest wavelength?

Answer 27

Violet

Question 28

Which color has the longest wavelength?

Answer 28

red

Question 29

What is located on the spectrum next to red that we cannot see but we can detect as heat?

Answer 29

infrared

Question 30

What are the closest invisible waves on the short violet side?

Answer 30

Ultraviolet rays

Question 31

When any form of radiant energy is absorbed by an object, the result is an increase in _______ which causes a corresponding increase in _______

Answer 31

molecular motion | temperature

Question 32

All objects, at whatever temperature, ____

Answer 32

emit radiant energy

Question 33

T/F: hotter objects radiate more total energy per unit than colder ones.

Answer 33

true

Question 34

The hotter the radiating body, the ____ the wavelength of maximum radiation

Answer 34

shorter

Question 35

Terrestrial radiation is often called ____

Answer 35

long wave radiation

Question 36

Solar radiation is called _____

Answer 36

short wave radiation

Question 37

Objects that are good at absorbing radiation are good at _____

Answer 37

emitting radiation