The Atom Flashcards
What 3 subatomic particles make up an atom?
Protons, neutrons and electrons.
What are the properties of a proton?
Heavy and positively charged.
What are the properties of a neutron?
Heavy and neutral.
What are the properties of an electron?
Have hardly any mass and are negatively charged.
What is the relative mass of a proton?
1
What is the relative mass of a neutron?
1
What is the relative mass of an electron?
0.0005
What is the relative charge of a proton?
+1
What is the relative charge of a neutron?
0
What is the relative charge of an electron?
-1
What is in the nucleus of an atom?
Protons and neutrons.
What charge does the nucleus have?
Positive charge (because of the protons).
Where is almost the whole mass of the atom concentrated?
In the nucleus.
How do electrons move around the nucleus?
In electron shells.
How big are electrons?
Very small, but their shells cover a lot of space.
How big is the nucleus?
Very small compared to the rest of the atom.
What does the size of shells determine the size of?
The size of the atom.
What is the atomic radius of an atom?
10 ^-10 m.
What is the overall charge of atoms?
0 - they have no charge overall (unlike ions).
Why do atoms have no overall charge?
Because they have the same number of protons as electrons.
The charge on electrons is the same size as the charge on protons, but opposite - so they cancel out.
What is the nuclear symbol of an atom?
Everything here:
23
Na
11
Which number is the mass / atomic number?
Top number = Mass number
Bottom number = Atomic number
What does the atomic number tell you?
How many protons the atom has.
What does every atom of an element have that is the same?
The number of protons.
