The atom and redox Flashcards
(20 cards)
Atomic number
Number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.
The mass number
The number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus.
Isotopes
Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons and different masses.
Ion
A positively or negatively charged atom or covalently group of atoms.
Relative isotopic mass
The mass of an atom of an isotope with one-twelfth of the mass of an atom of carbon-12
Relative atomic mass
The weighted mean mass of an atom of an element compared with one twelfth of the mass of an atom of carbon-12.
Weighted mean mass
Multiply all isotopes masses by their percentage abundance, then add them all together. Then divide the answer by 100.
Relative molecular mass
The weighted mean mass of a molecule compared with one twelfth of the mass of an carbon atom-12.
Relative formula mass
The weighted mean mass of a formula unit compared with one twelfth of the mass of carbon-12.
1st ionisation energy
Energy required to remove one electron from each atom in one mole of gaseous atoms to form one mole of gaseous 1+ ions.
Oxidation
Is the loss of electrons or an increase in oxidation number.
Reduction
The gain of electrons or a decrease in oxidation number.
OILRIG
O-oxidation I-is L-loss R-reduction I-is G-gain
Oxidation agent
A reagent that oxidises(takes electrons from)another species.
Reducing agent
A reagent that reduces(adds electrons to)another species.
Second ionisation energy
The energy required to remove one electron from each ion in one mole of gaseous 1+ ions to form one mole of gaseous 2+ ions.
Orbital
A region of space were up to two electrons can occupy with opposite spin.
Sub-shell
A group of the same type of atomic orbitals(s,p,d or f) within a shell.
Electric configuration
The arrangement of electrons in an atom.
oxidation number
A measure of the number of electrons that an atom uses to bond with atoms of another element .Oxidation numbers are derived from a set of rules.
