The Basics Flashcards
Deixis
the use of words or phrases to refer to a particular time (e.g. then), place (e.g. here), or person (e.g. you) relative to the context of the utterance.
Personal Pronoun
refers to a particular person, group, or thing (I, You, He, She, it, etc.)
Possessive Pronoun
takes the place of a noun to show ownership (mine, yours, etc.)
Reflexive pronoun
used when the subject and the object of a sentence are the same (myself, yourself, etc.)
Demonstrative Pronoun
use to talk about something specific (These, Those, This, That)
Relative Pronoun
pronouns used to introduce a relative clause (who, that, which)
Intertextuality
When a text makes reference to another existing text for effect
Determiner
A word that comes before a noun or noun phrase to clarify if the noun is specific or general.
A determiner specifies the kind of reference a noun has. Common determiners are: the, those, my, her, both, all, several and no.
Quantifier
A word to give information about the quantity of a noun
Definite article
The
Indefinite article
A/An
Preposition
Words which show the location of a noun; A preposition is a word or group of words used before a noun, pronoun, or noun phrase to show direction, time, place, location, spatial relationships, or to introduce an object. Some examples of prepositions are words like “in,” “at,” “on,” “of,” and “to.”
co-ordinating conjunction
A linking word which connects independent clauses or phrases, giving equal importance to each section
‘For, and, nor, or, yet, so, still, besides, otherwise, or else, nevertheless.’
subordinating conjunction
A linking word which connects an independent clause with a subordinate clause. This word or phrase indicates that a clause has informative value to add to the sentence’s main idea, signaling a cause-and-effect relationship or a shift in time and place between the two clauses.
‘as long as, because, even if, if, unless, before, since, though, etc.’
abstract noun
The lexis which refers to states, feelings and concepts that do not have a physical existence
concrete noun
The lexis which refers to things with a physical existence
verbal verb
The lexis which is linked to the process of making sounds
material verb
The lexis which refers to a physical action
mental verb
The lexis which shows internal processes e.g. thinking
relational verb
The lexis which describes states of being e.g. be, appear, seem
stative verb
The lexis which describes states/conditions unlikely to change (possession, feeling, perception, mental processes, identity); typically, they do not have a continuous form (Chris is having a car)
Attributive adjective
Adjectives placed before the head noun e.g. the dangerous animal
predicative adjective
Adjectives placed after the head noun e.g. the day was good
superlative adjectives
Adjectives that express the highest quality of something
