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The Big Issue Flashcards

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1
Q

Is The Big Issue Ltd independent or mainstream?

A

Independent- it’s not part of a huge conglomerate

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2
Q

Who is The Big Issue partnered with?

A

Dennis publishing

Helps print magazines

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3
Q

How is The Big Issue distributed?

A

Street vendors purchase copies for £1.50 each and sell them for £3

Goal to give homeless people a legal way of making money + help support themselves

Non profit for Big Issue Ltd

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4
Q

How is The Big Issue Funded?

A

Grant from The Body Shop (£50,000)

Founder of The Big Issue (Gordan Roddick) married to founder of The Body Shop (Anna Roddick)

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5
Q

How did The Big Issue diversify in 1995?

A

The Big Issue Foundation was set up

This was to support the homeless directly

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6
Q

How did The Big Issue diversify in 2005?

A

The Big Issue Invest was set up

A financial fund to help those with good business plans

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7
Q

How did The Big Issue diversify in 2016?

A

The set up their own online shop

Range of synergetic merchandise

All revenue goes back to street vendors

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8
Q

Is the Big Issue driven by profit and power?

A

No

This is different from mainstream magazines

Subverts Curran and Seaton

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9
Q

What kind of adverts are inside of The Big Issue?

A

Charity + community support groups adverts
—> reflects brand identity, not profit oriented

Brands with similar ABC1 audiences
—> increases revenue
—> eg. Sky (product- consumer goods)

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10
Q

How and why do celebrities collaborate with The Big Issue?

A

On the cover + guest editors + interviews

targets presold fans of celebrity

unique + exciting?!

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11
Q

Why did The Big Issue release collectors editions of the magazine?

A

They are special and exclusive

Encourages readers to buy multiple copies of the magazine
—> increases revenue

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12
Q

Why did The Big Issue internationalise?

A

It worked so well as a non profit magazine in the UK

International versions created in Japan, Australia, Ireland etc

Globally recognised despite being independent and niche

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13
Q

Why has The Big issue turned to digital media?

A

Magazine industry is declining

People are choosing to get information online instead of

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14
Q

What digital distribution company does The Big Issue work alongside?

A

Zinio
—> distributes to over 174 countries

Allows customers to purchase/ copy/ subscribe 12 months up front
—> doesn’t force long term commitment

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15
Q

Who does digital distribution target?

A

Those online regularly

People who don’t have a local vendor

People avoiding paper for environmental reasons

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16
Q

At the height of the Big Issue’s success (early 2000s), how many copies were vendors selling?

A

300,000 a week

2011: magazine industry declining so has reduced to125,000

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17
Q

How did the BIg Issue attempt to boost sales during the decline of the magazine industry?

A

Redesigned + relaunched

Content more orientated to politics + social reform

More celebrities as regular columnists

Increased prices- so vendors wouldn’t suffer with reduced sales

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18
Q

How does the Big Issue represent homeless people?

A

In a positive + sympathetic light

Supporting the homeless is their ultimate goal

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19
Q

How does the ‘Celebrating vendors’ title on the letters page represent homeless vendors?

A

Inspirational + friendly

—> subverting negative stereotypes of homelessness

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20
Q

What is the aim of using personal stories in the letters page?

A

Help readers understand + feel empathetic towards vendors

Represents an underrepresented social group
—> especially in mainstream media
—> giving homeless people a voice

Donato’s ‘My Pitch’ article

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21
Q

What does reference to weather suggest in the letters page?

A

Represents homeless people as brave + strong

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22
Q

Why are there some negative representations of homelessness?

A

Creating a realistic representation of homeless culture
—> drugs, alcohol, violence

Referred to as a ‘Mad Max’ environment
—> violent, dystopian film
—> not idealised

Vendors aren’t perfect
—> not a utopian
—> but still highlights them overcoming their struggles

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23
Q
A
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24
Q

What political leaning does the Big Issue have?

A

Left wing

Critical of the Conservative government on pages
—> closing down libraries
—> history of unemployment due to their laws- responsible

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25
How does the Big Issue display being anti-Thatcher?
Suggested funds Conservatives were aiming o use for a Thatcher memorial should be used to build libraries
26
How is the Big Issue critical of Trump?
Referred to him as ‘garish’ Trump is Republican —> opposes the magazine’s left wing ideology —> leading them to create a negative representation of him
27
How are men represented in the Sky Westworld advert?
Powerful, successful, important Stereotypical way of representing men Wearing a suit —> westernised idea of power + status
28
What is significant about gender representation in the ‘So… why don’t the homeless just go home?’ article?
Only heads represented are male —> lack of female bosses Suggests men are the only ones capable of getting the top jobs —> reflects context hat women are less likely to be hired to managerial jobs Van Zoonen —> White capitalist patriarchal society??
29
What does the A-Team advert for Blu-ray DVD represent by being male-dominated?
Constructs macho representation of men Potentially targeted towards older men who would’ve grown up with the series in the 80s
30
What is significant about the male representation in the Big Issue?
All artwork made by men All set pages dominated by men writers of Big Issue male —> men more likely to face homelessness —> making more positive role models for men
31
How is a representation of power created in the image of the ‘We made history, didn’t we?’ Article?
The two founders of the Big Issue Low angle camera shot —> look more powerful
32
How do the adjectives ‘hard-nosed’ and ‘tough’ represent the founders?
Masculine and powerful adjectives Macho representation of the founders Adds to the stereotype that men aren’t emotional —> mentally tough
33
How are men represented as powerful though out the Big Issue?
Heroes + villains —> Captain America —> Terminator Aggressive forms of power
34
How are men represented in a postion of respect throughout the Big Issue?
The Dalai Lama —> halo behind head —> someone who is worshipped Lexis such as ‘legend’ and ‘modfather’ —> represented as ultimate role models in their field
35
How does representation of women contrast to representation of men?
Joanna Lumley + Vicky McClure are just referred to as an ‘actress’ —> not a ‘legend’, ‘star’, ‘champion’ like men were Not described in an idealised + revered way
36
How did David Bowie challenge gender stereotypes?
androgynous looks Wearing make up Not afraid to experiment with clothing Didn’t care about gender norms
37
How are representations of Grayson Perry in the ‘Letter to myself’ article counter typical?
Shows a ma being comfortable with expressing his more creative + feminine side —> dresses + makeup —>refers to himself as a transvestite More modern representation of masculinity —> not displayed in mainstream media
38
How are representations of Grayson Perry in the ‘Letter to myself’ article typical?
He talks about watching war films Cadets More traditional, masculine representations —> displays masculinity is not one dimensional
39
How are women represented in a position of power in the Big Issue?
Political leaders —> Nicola Sturgeon —> Theresa May Educated + respected in their fields —> subverts mainstream representations of women
40
How does the Turn2Us charity advert represent women as potentially financially irresponsible?
“money was tight when my husband became terminally ill” Infers women relying on men financially —> unusual for modern society —> women’s liberation movement was in the 60s Targeting older women —> traditional views/ lifestyle
41
What does the Big Issue do as an ‘alternative magazine’?
Challenge traditional stereotypes —> gender —> sexuality Fits belief of audience —> left wing —> liberal —> alternative points of views
42
What is the Big Issue’s purpose?
to give a platform to underrepresented groups -homeless -race/ ethnicity -gender -sexuality Left wing ideology
43
What does the connotation of ‘revolution’ suggest on the front cover?
Social change Challenging authority —> anti- conservative Rejection of conformity —> alternative views
44
What does the billing block style of the names on hte front cover suggest
Large range of celebrity support Foregrounding of vendors over celebs —> gold capitals —> connotes prestige + wealth- positive —> ‘thousands and thousands of vendors!’ Binary opposition (Levi-Strauss) —> poverty + wealth
45
What does the dress with the tie suggest in Grayson Perry’s ‘letter to my younger self’?
Dress signifies femininity Tie signifies masculinity Barthes says these signifiers have been naturalised —> its unavoidable —> combining signifiers to break gender binary of male + female (Similar for watch + bracelet)
46
What do the rainbow colours on the dress suggest in Grayson Perry’s ‘Letter to my younger self’?
Colours of pride Encourages acceptance of varied identities
47
What does the yellow background connote in Grayson Perry’s ‘Letter to my younger self’
Sunrise + new beginnings Big issue moving to an age where gender conformity is broken down
48
What does Joel Hodgson’s costuming suggest in the ‘Moving On’ article?
Suit has connotations of power wealth + status Barthes would say this symbol has taken on a status of myth —> natural to recognise it as a symbol of power
49
What is significant about the city behind Joel Hodgson in the ‘Moving On’ article?
London Hogdson has become one of the with an environment associated with wealth + status
50
What does Joel Hodgson’s positioning suggest in the ‘Moving On’ article?
Starting position —> start of a journey/ race —> suggesting there’s an end goal- destination
51
What does the plinth that Joel Hodgson is on suggest in the ‘Moving on’ article?
He is being celebrated
52
Link Gauntlett’s identity theory to Joel Hodgson in the ‘Moving On’ article.
Modern media providing broader range of representation —> audience has ability to transform their identity from this Progressive representation of a black homeless man —> given symbols of wealth + power —> moving away from expectations of a homeless man
53
Link Gilroy’ post colonial theory to Joel Hodgson in the ‘Moving On’ article.
Regressive representation Suit carries connotations i na white westernised vision —> assigned power in this Eurocentric way
54
What does the highkey lighting and the low angle shot connote about Marvina Newton in the ‘Moving On’ article?
Position of power Positive + progressive representation of a black homeless woman
55
What does the graffiti background suggest in the ‘Moving On’ article with Marvina Newton?
Connotations of rebelllion Rebelling against expectations + norms —> Big Issue has alternative, left wing ideology
56
What does the ‘tribal’ jewellery worn by Marvina Newton in the ‘Moving On’ article suggest?
Embracing of heritage alongside a powerful position in society —> you can be/do both simultaneously
57
Link Gauntlett’s identity theory to the ‘Moving On’ article with Marvina Newton.
Positive representations of ones heritage —> audiences may see her as a role model —> be proud of their heritage while holding power
58
Link Gilroy’s post colonial theory to the ‘Moving On’ article with Marvina Newton.
Tribal coloured jewellery represents Newton + Africa in a colonial vision —> supporting Eurocentric audience
59
How is personalisation and humanisation of vdnore evident in the ‘My Pitch’ article?
Facts about Donato —> not a statistic Allows audiences to learn about his life —> giving him a platform —> mainstream media doesn’t do this
60
How does the ‘My Pitch’ article challenge the view of migrant workers?
Story shows how Donato has fought + struggled fora place in society —> feel sympathy challenge it typically conservative views of migrants being ‘sponges’
61
How does the ‘My Pitch’ article construct relationships between vendors and readers?
Donato smiling + interacting with customer —> selling an issue Represents friendly identity of vendors take ownership and construct identity —> through possessive pronoun ‘my’

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