The Body Systems Flashcards
(15 cards)
What is the function of the mitochondria?
Energy production through ATP synthesis
Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell.
Which organ filters blood in the urinary system?
Kidneys
The kidneys remove waste products and excess substances from the blood.
What are the main components of the circulatory system?
Heart structure, blood flow, blood components
The circulatory system is essential for transporting nutrients and oxygen.
What is the primary function of the respiratory system?
Gas exchange
The respiratory system facilitates the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide.
Name the parts of the lungs involved in gas exchange.
Alveoli, bronchioles, and bronchi
Alveoli are the primary site of gas exchange in the lungs.
List the main organs involved in the digestive system.
Mouth, esophagus, stomach, intestines, liver
Each organ plays a crucial role in the digestion process.
What distinguishes the central nervous system (CNS) from the peripheral nervous system (PNS)?
CNS includes the brain and spinal cord; PNS includes all other neural elements
The CNS processes information while the PNS connects the CNS to the rest of the body.
What is the role of neurons in the nervous system?
Transmitting signals
Neurons are specialized cells that carry messages throughout the body.
Define synapses.
Junctions between neurons
Synapses allow for communication between neurons through neurotransmitters.
What are the components of the musculoskeletal system?
Bones, muscles, joints
This system provides structure, support, and movement to the body.
What is the function of the nephron in the urinary system?
Filtration and reabsorption
Nephrons are the functional units of the kidneys.
What do hormones do in the endocrine system?
Regulate bodily functions
Hormones are chemical messengers produced by glands.
Fill in the blank: The _______ system is responsible for gas exchange.
Respiratory system
This system is essential for supplying oxygen to the blood.
True or False: The circulatory system includes only the heart.
False
The circulatory system also includes blood vessels and blood.
Fill in the blank: The _______ in the urinary system filters blood.
Kidneys
The kidneys play a critical role in maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance.
