The brain

Question 1

Grey matter is made up of what?

Answer 1

Neurones and cell bodies

Question 2

What is the role of white matter?

Answer 2

Relay information

Question 3

What are sulci?

Answer 3

Divides the brain (the valleys)

Question 4

What are the three main sulci?

Answer 4

Longitudinal, rolando and slyvian

Question 5

What are gyri?

Answer 5

Spit the lobes into more sections (the hills)

Question 6

What is the role of the pre central gyri?

Answer 6

Movement

Question 7

What is the role of the post central gyri?

Answer 7

Sensation

Question 8

Where is the pre central gyri?

Answer 8

The frontal lobe

Question 9

Where is the post central gyri?

Answer 9

The parietal lobe

Question 10

What are the main functions of the frontal lobe?

Answer 10

Executive function, voluntary movement, and expressive language

Question 11

What is somatropic organisation?

Answer 11

The ‘little man’ where areas of the frontal lobe are divided and control different body parts

Question 12

What is controlled by the primary motor cortex?

Answer 12

Voluntary movement

Question 13

What is controlled by the prefrontal cortex?

Answer 13

Executive function

Question 14

What is controlled by Broca’s area?

Answer 14

Expressive language

Question 15

What are the functions of the parietal lobe?

Answer 15

Sensory, emotion, and association

Question 16

What do the inferior and superior parietal lobes control?

Answer 16

Association

Question 17

What do the precuneus and posterior cingulate gyrus control?

Answer 17

Emotion

Question 18

Which is the normal dominant hemisphere?

Answer 18

The right hemisphere

Question 19

What does the dominant hemisphere control?

Answer 19

Writing, calculation, and left and right

Question 20

What does the non-dominant hemisphere control?

Answer 20

Awareness of the other side of the body, and drawing

Question 21

What does the temporal lobe control?

Answer 21

Language, recognition, and processing

Question 22

What does the superior temporal gyrus control?

Answer 22

Auditory input and language comprehension

Question 23

What is controlled by the middle temporal gyrus?

Answer 23

Sound recognition, semantic memory, and language processing

Question 24

What is controlled by the inferior temporal gyrus?

Answer 24

Visual recognition

Question 25

What is the role of the occipital lobes?

Answer 25

Visual processing and interpretation

Question 26

What is controlled by the primary visual cortex?

Answer 26

Processing of visual information

Question 27

What is controlled by the visual association cortex?

Answer 27

Interpretation of visual data

Question 28

What are the steps to seeing?

Answer 28

Light rays are refracted by the retina, rods and cones send signals to ganglion cells, transform signals into electrical impulses down the optic nerve

Question 29

Where is the blind spot?

Answer 29

The optic nerve

Question 30

Where is visual information taken to?

Answer 30

The visual cortex

Question 31

What is the limbic system?

Answer 31

A deep brain structure

Question 32

What are the main functions of the basal ganglia?

Answer 32

Motor tasks, reward, decision making, working memory, and eye movements

Question 33

What is the main function of the thalamus?

Answer 33

The main junction for tracts, relays information, attention, consciousness, cognition and emotion

Question 34

What is the main function of the hypothalamus?

Answer 34

Releases hormones to maintain the body by acting on the pituitary gland

Question 35

What are the three ventricles in the brain called?

Answer 35

Lateral, third, and fourth

Question 36

What happens if ventricles are blocked?

Answer 36

Backup of fluid leads to enlarged ventricles that press on the brain, leading to hydrocephalus

Question 37

What area is constantly releasing CSF?

Answer 37

The choroid plexi

Question 38

What are the meninges?

Answer 38

Layers of membrane to protect the brain and spinal cord

Question 39

What are the three meninges known as?

Answer 39

Dura mater, arachnoid, and pia mater

Question 40

What can bursting of subarachnoid space lead to?

Answer 40

Subarachnoid haemorrhage, where there is bleeding into the space surrounding the brain