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Psychology > The Brain > Flashcards

The Brain Flashcards

0
Q

glial cells

A

digestions of parts of neurons, providing nutritional and physical support to neurons

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1
Q

what are the two types of brain cells

A

gilal and neurons

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2
Q

neurons

A

transmit nerve impulses for the bran and to the brain

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3
Q

what happens when a neuron fires

A

when its recieved a chemical stimulation form its intake end from another neuron

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4
Q

why is it so important that your myelin sheath remain healthy?

A

loss or damage leads to sever loss of neural functions

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5
Q

the spinal cord is an extension of the _____

A

brain

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6
Q

right brain

A

the right side of the brain is best at expressive and creative tasks

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7
Q

the left brain

A

adept at tasks that involve logic, language and analytical thinking

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8
Q

what is mean by plasticity

A

capable of building tissue;

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9
Q

why would a split brain procedure be performed and what takes place?

A

doctors decided to disconnect tow hemospheres of the brain; it would need to be performed of epilepsy than by cutting off the connection between the hemispheres

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10
Q

corpus callosum

A

allow the communication between the right and left sides of the bran

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11
Q

cerebral cortex

A

responsible for higher brain functions including sensation , voluntary muscle movement, thought , reasoning and memory

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12
Q

hypothalmus

A

regulating bodily temperature, certain metabolic procedures and other autonimic activites

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13
Q

substantia nigra

A

produces dopamine

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14
Q

pons

A

links the medulla oblongotta and the cerebellum with the upper portions of the brain

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15
Q

medulla

A

th einner core of a certain organs or body structures

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16
Q

spinal cord

A

helps the spinal nerves branch off to various parts of the body

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17
Q

reticular formation

A

regulates consciousness or wakefulness

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18
Q

cerebellum

A

regulates and correlates of complex voluntary muscular movements as well as the maintenence of posture and balance

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19
Q

cerebrum

A

controls and integrates motor , sensory and higher mental functions, such as thought , reason, emotion, and memory

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20
Q

what is the funtion of the limbic system

A

regulates hormones, the pituitary gland, body temperature, the adrenal glands and many other vital activities

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21
Q

amygdala

A

an almond-shaped mass of gray matter in the anterior portion of the temporal lobe

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22
Q

HIPPOCAMPUS

A

A RIDGE IN THE FLOOR OF EACH LATERAL VENTRICLE THAT CONSISTS MAINLY OF GRAY MATTER AND HAS A CENTAL ROLE IN THE MEMORY PROCESS

23
Q

what is the difference between grey matter and white matter

A

grey matter- the greyish tissue of the brain and spinal cord containing nerve cell body , dendrites and bare atons
white matter- whitish nerve tissue especially of the brain and spinal cord consisting chiefly of myelinated nerve fibers

24
what are three areas housed by the cerebral cortex
thalamus hypothalamus pituitary gland
25
what is the function of the frontal lobe
motor functions , high order functions, planning , reasoning, judgement, impulse control , and memory
26
what is the functions of the parietal lobe
cognition ; info processing ; pain and touch; spacial orientation , speech; visual perception
27
what is the function of the occipital lobe
visual perception and color recognition
28
what is the funcion of the temporal lobe
``` auditory perception memory speech emotional responses visual perception ```
29
PET
reveal how your tissue and organs are functioning
30
CT scans
combines a series of x-ray views taken from many different angles and computer
31
MRI scans
a test that used a magnetic field and pulses of radio wave energy to make a pic of organs and structure inside the body
32
FMRI scans
dectecting the changes in blood oxygenation and flow that occur in response to neural activity
33
CNS
Central nervous system- processes info
34
PNS
Peripheral nervous sytem- carries info to and from the CNS and sensory muscle and gland cells
35
dendrites
conducts impulses towards the cell
36
soma
the body of an organism as contrasted with its germ cells
37
axon
transmits impulses away from the cell body
38
myelin sheath
an electrical insulator that speeds nerve impulses to muscles and other effectors
39
synapse
a region where nerve impulses are transmitted and recieved
40
what are neurotransmitters
a chemical substance that transmits nerve impulses across a synapse to a postssynaptic element ; as another nerve , muscle or gland
41
GABA
inhibits excitatory response
42
acetycholine
causes muscle action by transmitting nerve impulses
43
glutamine
intesifies flavor in food
44
serotonin
its involved in sleep, depression , memory and other neurological processes
45
endorphins
reacts with the brain's opiate receptors to raise the pain threshhold
46
dopamine
helps regulate movement and emotion; its depletion may cause parkinson's
47
norepinephrine
constricts blood vessels, raising blood pressure, and dilating bronchi
48
afferent neurons
a neuron conducting impulses inwards to the bran or spinal cord
49
effernt neurons
a neuron conducting impulses outwards from the brain or spinal cord
50
motor neuron
conveys impulses form teh CNS to a muscle gland or other effector tissue
51
A sensory neuron
conducts impulses form the proprietary of the body to the CNS
52
The Autonomic nervous system
regulates the funcitons of our internal organs
53
what is the autonimic nervous systems made of
made up of the sympathetic nervous system , the parasympathetic nervous sytem and the enteric nervous system
54
the somatic nervous sytem
carries motor and sensory info both to and from the CNS, it is part of PNS

Psychology (6 decks)

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