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Social Science > The British Establish Authority > Flashcards

The British Establish Authority Flashcards

1
Q

How did the British gain authority of Bombay?

A

it was part of Portuguese Princess Catherine’s dowry in her wedding with English King Charles

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2
Q

Which trade did the Dutch dominate?

A

spices

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3
Q

Which trade did the British dominate?

A

textiles

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4
Q

By the 18th century the East India Company moved their textile trade from Surat to….

A

Calcutta in Bengal

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5
Q

What did the British do to compete directly with the Mughal Empire Authority?

A

minted and used their own coins

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6
Q

The British would lend money to the powerful local Indian elites, and exchange land and loyalty. What did this create?

A

the Indians became indebted to the British

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7
Q

Describe how Siraj-ud-Daula (1733-1757) dealt with the British

A

a. He was the ruling Nawab in Bengal
b. Not much supported by local Indian Elites and businessmen
c. Threatened by growing British influence and power
d. Frustrated with British military asserting authority over local leaders and businessmen
e. Attacked the British at Calcutta and imprisoned 40 English residents
f. The 40 people suffocated to death

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8
Q

Which British general was sent to punish Siraj-ud-Daula?

A

Robert Clive

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9
Q

How did the British defeat Siraj-ud-Daula at the Battle of Plassey?

A

British bribed the Indian troops to flee the battlefield

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10
Q

After everyone the British came to see Indians as what?

A

cruel and barbaric

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11
Q

Who became a puppet of the British empire after Siraj-ud-Daula?

A

Mir Jafar

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12
Q

Why did the British remove Mir Jafar?

A

he did not give them enough land money and power

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13
Q

The British then removed Mir Qasim at which battle?

A

Battle if Buxar; 1764

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14
Q

What does the Battle of Plassey represent?

A

when the British presence in India shifted from trade to complete rule

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15
Q

In this agreement the Mughals handed the territories of Bengal, Bihar, and Orissa over to the East India Company

A

Treaty of Allahabad

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16
Q

What did the British receive from the Treaty of Allahabad?

A

the British collected taxes, govern over the entire region

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17
Q

The British established British generals as what?

A

Governors

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18
Q

What was the official language of the Mughal Empire even though very few spoke it

A

persian

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19
Q

The majority of profits made in India were sent where?

A

London, England

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20
Q

What was the term for Indian men who worked for the British military?

A

Sepoys

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21
Q

Who was the Governor of India after being expelled from the colonies in the US?

A

general Cornwallis

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22
Q

The EIC state set up the rate of land revenue taxation at a permanent fixed income, what is this called?

A

Permanent Settlement

23
Q

What is Zamindar?

A

landlords supported by the British government

24
Q

What was the great impact on the land revenue system?

A

landlords punished peasants who did not bring in enough crops to be sold

25
Q

Until the 19th century British only controlled what part of India?

A

northern

26
Q

Which country did the British NOT control in southern India?

A

Mysore

27
Q

Who was the leader of Mysore?

A

Tipu Sultan

28
Q

What year did the British finally defeat Tipu Sultan and Mysore?

A

1799

29
Q

How many wars did the British fight with Tipu Sultan before finally taking over Mysore?

A

4

30
Q

What did the subsidiary alliance enable the EIC?

A

have a British military presence and rule of the city

31
Q

This forced the Marathas Chieftains to submit to subsidiary alliance

A

Treaty of Bassein of 1802

32
Q

For a small fee what did the EIC promise to provide for a city?

A

protection

33
Q

The EIC attempted to conquer which country in the Northwest?

A

Afghanistan

34
Q

Which two countries did the EIC conquer?

A

Singapore and Myanmar

35
Q

The EIC made a treaty with a Hindu king, Gulab Singh in what treaty?

A

Treaty of amritsar

36
Q

What did the treaty of Amritsar say?

A

Gulab Singh ruled over the Kashmir valley with a majority Muslim population

37
Q

Indian States that were under indirect rule by the British were known as…..

A

Princely States

38
Q

Who came to India in 1848 with the intention to unite the rule of the British?

A

Governor-General Dalhousie

39
Q

What was the general tradition when a king did not have a son to give his land to?

A

He adopted a son from a close family relative or friend

40
Q

What did the Doctrine of Lapse say?

A

Any state that ruler did not have a son to give his land to he forfeits his land to British rule when they died

41
Q

How many large states were annexed into British India because the Doctrine of Lapse?

A

3 large states

42
Q

What did the British Raj demand if the peasants to grow that caused lack of food and starvation?

A

Indigo

43
Q

As the Industrial Revolution came textiles became less popular, what four materials came into high demand?

A

sugar, timber, grain and rice

44
Q

What was the mist important contribution of the British colonial area?

A

Indian Railway System

45
Q

What did General Dalhousie have built?

A

canal from the Ganges River

46
Q

What did the Ganges River Canal do for the people of India?

A

expanded agriculture by bringing water to fertilize soil

47
Q

How many miles was the canal from the Ganges River?

A

500 miles

48
Q

What environment problem did the Ganges River Canal bring?

A

salinization

49
Q

Who led the Bengali peasant workers in a revolt against the zamindars?

A

Haji Sahariatullah

50
Q

Describe 3 reasons why the railway was the most important British contribution

A

a. Move raw materials from one city to another for manufacturing or shipment
b. British’s ability to rule and exert power easily
c. Troops were able to reach almost any part of the country within a day

51
Q

What did the peasants refuse to do during the revolt led by Haji Sahariatullah?

A

refused to pay fees to landowners for Hindu religious services

52
Q

Where did the Blue Mutiny (1859-1860) happen?

A

Bengal

53
Q

Why did the Blue Mutiny happen?

A

a. British demanding the peasants cultivate indigo

b. Indigo is not an edible crop that could support families

54
Q

Within 60 years the small trade town of Madras, India grew by how many people?

A

100,000

Social Science (26 decks)

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