Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Y1 AP Cardiovascular > The Cardiac cycle > Flashcards

The Cardiac cycle Flashcards

1
Q

In summary, what is the cardiac cycle?

A

A series of events required to generate one single heartbeat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is responsible for the cardiac cycle?

A

The cardiac conduction system (The electrical pathways through the heart)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What must happen in order for blood to move successfully through the heart?

A

Coordination must occur between the valves opening and closing and the contraction of the chambers of the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the cause of valves opening and closing?

A

Contractions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What state is the heart in at the start of the cardiac cycle?

A

All the chambers are relaxed and all valves are closed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Contraction, also known as…

A

Systole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Relaxation, also known as…

A

Diastole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

When blood fills the atria what does the change in pressure do?

A

Pushes the AV valve open

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Where is the right atria filled from?

A

The superior and inferior vena cava

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Where is the left atria filled from?

A

The pulmonary veins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

In order for an atrial chamber to be filled, what must be true?

A

The chambers must be relaxed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Why does blood flow into the ventricles?

A

To equalise the pressure between the atrium and ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

When does blood stop flowing from the atrium into the ventricle?

A

When around 70% of the blood volume from the atria is in the ventricles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What causes the remaining 30% of blood to flow from the atria into the ventricles?

A

The atria begin to contract

Once all blood is in the ventricles, the atria relax

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What happens when the ventricles contract?

A

The AV nodes close

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What does this drop in pressure in the atria cause?

A

A vacuum that pulls the flaps of the AV valves closed

17
Q

What effect do papillary muscles have on the AV valves?

A

When the papillary muscles within the walls contract, they pull on the chordae tendineae to ensure that the valves stay closed
Therefore preventing back flow

18
Q

As ventricular systole increases due to increase pressure inside the ventricles, what happens?

A

Semi-lunar valves are pushed open, allowing blood to flow through the aorta and pulmonary arteries

19
Q

What happens when the ventricles relax?

A

Pressure within the ventricles decreases

Semi-lunar valves are pulled shut

20
Q

Movement of blood through the heart is a result of?

A

Changes in pressure apposed to contractions

21
Q

What must always be balanced for the cardiac cycle to work correctly?

A

The output of the atria and the ventricles

22
Q

What is a normal heart rate, i.e number of cardiac cycles per minute in the average adult?

A

60 to 100

23
Q

To summarise, the cardiac cycle consists of…

A

Atrial systole
Ventricular systole
Complete cardiac diastole

24
Q

Cardiac diastole occurs when…

A

All chambers are relaxed and blood flows into the heart

25
Q

Atrial systole / ventricular diastole occurs when…

A

The atria contracts pushing the blood into the ventricles

26
Q

Atrial diastole / ventricular systole occurs when…

A

After the atria relax, the ventricles contract, pushing blood out of the heart

27
Q

Describe the positioning of the inferior and superior vena cava?

A

Off centre, right side of the heart and body

28
Q

Describe the positioning of the aorta?

A

Left ventricle of the heart, extends upwards into the heart

29
Q

Describe the positioning of the carotid arteries?

A

Located on each side of the neck (supplies brain, face etc…)

30
Q

Describe the positioning of the pulmonary arteries?

A

Divides the heart into two branches towards the lungs

31
Q

Describe the positioning of the pulmonary veins?

A

Two located at each lung that drain into the left atrium

32
Q

Describe the positioning of the femoral artery?

A

Thigh, supplies blood to the lower limbs

33
Q

Describe the positioning of the renal arteries/veins?

A

The left interior side of the abdominal aorta, supplies the kidneys

34
Q

Describe the positioning of the coronary arteries?

A

Above the aortic valve, subdivide and cover the surface of the heart

35
Q

Describe the positioning of the circle of willis?

A

Joining area of several arteries at the inferior side of the brain.
Branch into smaller arteries that supply blood to over 80% of the cerebrum.

Y1 AP Cardiovascular (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions