The Cell

Question 1

the science concerned with the minute structure of cells, tissues and organs in relation to their function.

Answer 1

HUMAN HISTOLOGY (MICROSCOPIC ANATOMY)
HISTOLOGY: MICROANATOMY

Question 2

THREE COMPONENTS OF THE BODY

Answer 2

CELL
INTERCELLULAR OR EXTRACELLULAR SUBSTANCES
BODY FLUIDS

Question 3

a discrete entity bound by a membrane that “isolates” it from it environment

Answer 3

CELL

Question 4

materials that lie between cells to support and nourish them

Answer 4

INTERCELLULAR OR EXTRACELLULAR SUBSTANCES

Question 5

Body fluids include:

Answer 5

BLOOD
TISSUE OR INTERCELLULAR FLUID
LYMPH

Question 6

confined within the vascular system

Answer 6

Blood

Question 7

between and around cells

Answer 7

TISSUE OR INTERCELLULAR FLUID

Question 8

drain tissue fluid back to the venous system

Answer 8

LYMPH

Question 9

is the smallest unit of protoplasm capable of living independently

Answer 9

CELL

Question 10

is the structural and functional unit of the body.

Answer 10

CELL

Question 11

TWO TYPES OF CELL:

Answer 11

PROKARYOTIC [UNICELLULAR]
EUKARYOTIC [MULTI-CELLULAR]

Question 12

found in primitive cells such as bacteria

Answer 12

PROKARYOTIC [UNICELLULAR]

Question 13

in all higher plants and animals

Answer 13

EUKARYOTIC [MULTI-CELLULAR]

Question 14

metabolic and hereditary components are mixed

Answer 14

PROKARYOTIC [UNICELLULAR]

Question 15

bulk or hereditary material is isolated in a membrane-bound nucleus lying in the remainder of the cell or cytoplasm

Answer 15

EUKARYOTIC [MULTI-CELLULAR]

Question 16

have no histones (specific basic proteins) bound to their DNA

Answer 16

PROKARYOTIC [UNICELLULAR]

Question 17

no membranous organelles

Answer 17

PROKARYOTIC [UNICELLULAR]

Question 18

The living substance of the cell

Answer 18

PROTOPLASM

Question 19

All parts of the cell are mainly composed of _____.

Answer 19

proteins

Question 20

TWO COMPARTMENTS OF PROTOPLASM

Answer 20

CYTOPLASM
KARYOPLASM

Question 21

Extending from the plasma membrane to the nuclear envelope.

Answer 21

CYTOPLASM

Question 22

a.k.a nucleoplasm

Answer 22

KARYOPLASM

Question 23

It is the medium for chemical reaction.

Answer 23

CYTOPLASM

Question 24

the material forming the contents of the nucleus

Answer 24

KARYOPLASM

Question 25

It provides a platform upon which other organelles can operate within the cell.

Answer 25

CYTOPLASM

Question 26

All of the functions for cell expansion, growth and replication are carried out in the _______ of a cell.

Answer 26

CYTOPLASM

Question 27

COMPONENTS OF PROTOPLASM

Answer 27

PROTEIN NUCLEIC ACID CARBOHYDRATES LIPID INORGANIC MATERIALS WATER

Question 28

main structural elements of the cell and the intercellular material

Answer 28

PROTEIN

Question 29

exist as: pure lipoprotein, glycoprotein, proteoglycan, or mucoprotein

Answer 29

PROTEIN

Question 30

ex. Secretory products such as enzymes, some hormones.

Answer 30

PROTEIN

Question 31

large biomolecules that play essential roles in all cells and viruses

Answer 31

NUCLEIC ACID

Question 32

the function involves the storage and expression of genomic information.

Answer 32

NUCLEIC ACID

Question 33

2 MAJOR TYPES OF NUCLEIC ACIDS:

Answer 33

DNA RNA

Question 34

2 MAJOR TYPES OF NUCLEIC ACIDS: found mainly in the nucleus

Answer 34

DNA

Question 35

2 MAJOR TYPES OF NUCLEIC ACIDS: nucleus and cytoplasm

Answer 35

RNA

Question 36

as glucose, they are stored as glycogen

Answer 36

CARBOHYDRATES

Question 37

also an energy source

Answer 37

LIPID

Question 38

important component of cellular membrane

Answer 38

LIPID

Question 39

exists as: free radicals sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), magnesium (Mg2+), calcium (Ca2+), phosphate (HPO42-), chloride (Cl-), and bicarbonate (HCO3-)

Answer 39

INORGANIC MATERIALS

Question 40

maintenance of osmotic pressure gradients

Answer 40

INORGANIC MATERIALS

Question 41

muscle contraction/relaxation

Answer 41

INORGANIC MATERIALS

Question 42

tissue rigidity (e.g. bone)

Answer 42

INORGANIC MATERIALS

Question 43

cell adhesion

Answer 43

INORGANIC MATERIALS

Question 44

enzyme activation

Answer 44

INORGANIC MATERIALS

Question 45

75% of protoplasm

Answer 45

WATER

Question 46

partly free: available for metabolic processes

Answer 46

WATER

Question 47

partly bound to protein: as a structural component

Answer 47

WATER