The Cell Part IV

Question 1

2 FORMS OF CHROMATIN:

Answer 1

1. HETEROCHROMATIN
2. EUCHROMATIN

Question 2

light microscope: basophilic clumps of nucleoprotein

Answer 2

HETEROCHROMATIN

Question 3

electron microscope: dense granular clumps

Answer 3

HETEROCHROMATIN

Question 4

concentrated at periphery of nucleus, around the nucleolus and scattered throughout the nucleoplasm

Answer 4

HETEROCHROMATIN

Question 5

transcriptionally inactive

Answer 5

HETEROCHROMATIN

Question 6

light microscope: lightly stained dispersed region of the nucleus

Answer 6

EUCHROMATIN

Question 7

electron microscope: electron-lucent regions among heterochromatin

Answer 7

EUCHROMATIN

Question 8

transcriptionally active

Answer 8

EUCHROMATIN

Question 9

2 Major periods of Cell Cycle:

Answer 9

1. INTERPHASE
2. MITOSIS (M PHASE)

Question 10

2 Major periods of Cell Cycle:

interval

Answer 10

INTERPHASE

Question 11

2 Major periods of Cell Cycle:

period of cell division

Answer 11

MITOSIS (M PHASE)

Question 12

longer than M phase

Answer 12

INTERPHASE

Question 13

cell doubles in size and DNA content

Answer 13

INTERPHASE

Question 14

What are the 3 interphase separate phases?

Answer 14

G1
S
G2

Question 15

the gap phase just after mitosis

Answer 15

G1 [Gap 1]

Question 16

when certain “trigger proteins” are synthesized enabling the cell to reach a threshold (restriction point) and proceed to the S phase

Answer 16

G1 [Gap 1]

Question 17

lasts from a few hours to several days

Answer 17

G1 [Gap 1]

Question 18

cell growth and protein synthesis occur, restoring daughter cells to normal volume and size

Answer 18

G1 [Gap 1]

Question 19

synthetic phase

Answer 19

S PHASE

Question 20

DNA replication and protein synthesis occur

Answer 20

S PHASE

Question 21

resulting in duplication of the chromosomes

Answer 21

S PHASE

Question 22

period when centrioles are self-duplicated

Answer 22

S PHASE

Question 23

lasts 8-12 hours in most cells

Answer 23

S PHASE

Question 24

gap phase

Answer 24

G2 [Gap 2]

Question 25

follows the S phase and extends to mitosis

Answer 25

G2 [Gap 2]

Question 26

lasts 2-4 hours

Answer 26

G2 [Gap 2]

Question 27

cell prepares to divide

Answer 27

G2 [Gap 2]

Question 28

centrioles grow to maturity

Answer 28

G2 [Gap 2]

Question 29

energy required for the completion of mitosis is stored

Answer 29

G2 [Gap 2]

Question 30

RNA and proteins necessary for mitosis are synthesized

Answer 30

G2 [Gap 2]

Question 31

follows the G2 phase

Answer 31

MITOSIS

Question 32

completes the cell cycle

Answer 32

MITOSIS

Question 33

Mitosis involves:

Answer 33

KARYOKINESIS CYTOKINESIS

Question 34

4 major stages of mitosis:

Answer 34

prophase anaphase metaphase telophase

Question 35

division of the nucleus

Answer 35

KARYOKINESIS

Question 36

division of the cytoplasm resulting in the production of two identical daughter cell

Answer 36

CYTOKINESIS

Question 37

last 1-3 hours

Answer 37

MITOSIS

Question 38

chromosomes condense and become rod-like

Answer 38

PROPHASE

Question 39

centrioles are forming asters

Answer 39

PROPHASE

Question 40

nucleus and nuclear envelope disappear

Answer 40

PROPHASE

Question 41

condensed chromosomes are aligned at the equatorial plate of the mitotic spindle

Answer 41

METAPHASE

Question 42

chromatids separate at the centromere

Answer 42

ANAPHASE

Question 43

daughter chromosomes move to opposite poles of the cell

Answer 43

ANAPHASE

Question 44

elongation of the spindle

Answer 44

ANAPHASE

Question 45

formation of the cleavage furrow [due to contraction of a band of actin filaments called the contractile ring.

Answer 45

ANAPHASE

Question 46

deepening of the cleavage furrow which leaves the midbody (containing overlapping polar microtubules) b/w daughter cells

Answer 46

TELOPHASE

Question 47

facilitating the completion of cytokinesis and formation of 2 identical daughter cells

Answer 47

TELOPHASE

Question 48

reformation of the nuclear envelope

Answer 48

TELOPHASE

Question 49

reappearance of nucleoli

Answer 49

TELOPHASE

Question 50

completed when daughter cells enlarged and dense chromosomes disperse in interphase

Answer 50

TELOPHASE