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Histo LAB > The CELL > Flashcards

The CELL Flashcards

1
Q

It is the smallest unit that is capable of
performing life functions.

A

cell

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2
Q

The structural and functional unit of all
living organism

A

cell

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3
Q

The building block of life

A

cell

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4
Q

Vital functions of an organism occur within ___

A

cells

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5
Q

All cells contain _______ information
necessary for regulating cell functions and for transmitting necessary information to the next cell generation

A

hereditary

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6
Q

Examples of Cells

A

Amoeba
Nerve cell
RBC
WBC
Plant Stem
Bacteria

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7
Q

TWO TYPES OF CELLS

A

PROKARYOTIC
EUKARYOTIC

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8
Q
  • Do not have structures surrounded
    by membranes/ Lacks membrane bound organelles

Without membrane-bound nucleus (anucleate)

A

PROKARYOTIC

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9
Q
  • Few internal structures
A

PROKARYOTIC

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10
Q

One-celled organisms/ Unicellular

A

PROKARYOTIC

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11
Q

PROKARYOTIC cell examples

A
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12
Q

Prokaryotes store DNA in the

A

nucleoid region

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13
Q

Have additional protection cell wall
Composed of peptidoglycan

A

Prokaryotes

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14
Q

Prokaryotes: Divide through

A

BINARY FISSION

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15
Q

DNA is short and circular

A

Prokaryotes

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16
Q

multicellular types of Eukaryotes

A

Mold forms of fungi
Animals, plants, humans

17
Q

unicellular types of Eukaryotes

A

Yeast forms of fungi
Protozoans

18
Q

With membrane-bound nucleus

A

Eukaryotes

19
Q

Eukaryotes: DNA is found within the

A

nucleus

20
Q

Presence of organelles

A

Eukaryotes

21
Q

Not all have cell walls
ONLY plants (cellulose) and fungi (chitin)

A

Eukaryotes

22
Q

Eukaryotes: Divide through

A

MITOSIS

23
Q

Eukaryotes: DNA is longer and contained in the

A

chromosome

24
Q

oldest cell type
simple and basic
lacks nucleus
lacks organelles
single-celled

A

Prokaryotes

25
Q

evolved from prokaryotes
larger and more complex
contains nucleus
contains organelles
can be single-celled or multicellular

A

Eukaryotes

26
Q

SIMILARITIES of Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes

A

have DNA
have ribosomes
have cytoplasm
have plasma membrane

27
Q

Chromosomal DNA is a circular protein structure

Chromosomal DNA is present in the cytoplasm

Has no definite morphological structure of DNA replication

The basic protein histones are absent

The chromosome DNA is not complex with proteins

They are primarily haploid

A

Prokaryotic Chromosomes

28
Q

They are primarily diploid

The chromosome DNA is complex with proteins

Histone is present in the chromosomal DNA

Chromosome DNA is confined within the nucleus

The chromosome DNA is a linear polymer

During mitosis, DNA replication occurs during S phase

A

Eukaryotic Chromosomes

29
Q

The synthesis of RNA under the direction of DNA

Produces messenger RNA (mRNA)

A

TRANSCRIPTION

30
Q

The actual synthesis of a polypeptide, which occurs under the direction of mRNA

Occurs on ribosomes

A

TRANSLATION

31
Q

In ______transcription & translation occur together

A

Prokaryotes

32
Q

In _____RNA transcripts are modified before becoming true mRNA

A

Eukaryotes

33
Q

is a measure of the sedimentation rate of a particle when centrifuged.

A

Svedberg unit (Symbol S)

34
Q
  • the process whereby a cell divides asexually to produce two daughter cells
A

Binary Fission

35
Q

a less complicated and much more rapid process than cell division in eukaryotes

A

Binary Fission

36
Q

The period of cell division, or mitosis (Gr. mitos, a thread), is the only cell cycle phase that can be routinely distinguished with the light microscope.

A

Mitosis

37
Q

During ______, a parent cell divides and each of the two daughter cells receives a chromosomal set identical to that of the parent cell.

A

mitosis

38
Q
A

Histo LAB (13 decks)

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