Flashcards in The Cerebral Hemispheres Deck (38):
1
which part of the cerebral hemisphere is sensory?
posterior part
2
which part of the cerebral hemisphere is motor?
anterior part
3
what is the role of the medial portions of the cerebral hemisphere?
storage and retrieval of processed information
4
what is the medial portions of the cerebral hemisphere called?
limbic system
5
what is precentral gyrus- area 4?
site of the primary motor cortex
6
what part of the body does the primary motor cortex represent?
contralateral half of body
7
what does the Inferior frontal gyrus contain?
Broca’s area of motor speech
8
what is the role of the prefrontal cortex?
cognitive functions of higher order- intellect,judgement, prediction,planning
9
what is within the post-central gyrus?
Primary sensory area
10
what is the role of the Primary sensory area?
Recieves general sensations from contralateral half of body. Somatotopic representation
11
what is the role of the Superior parietal lobule?
Interpretation of general sensory information (sensory association area) and conscious awareness of contralateral half of body
12
what is the role of the inferior parietal lobule?
Interface between somatosensory cortex and visual and auditory association areas
13
in dominant hemisphere what does the inferior parietal lobule contribute to?
contributes to language functions
14
what can a parietal lobe lesion lead to?
Hemisensory neglect
Right-left agnosia
Acalculia
Agraphia
15
what does the Superior Temporal gyrus contain?
Primary auditory cortex
16
where are auditory association areas?
posterior to 41,42. In dominant hemisphere – Wernicke’s area
17
what are the roles of auditory association areas ?
understanding of spoken word. Has connections with other language areas.
18
what is the role of inferior surface of the temporal lobe?
receives fibres from olfactory tract – conscious appreciation of smell.
19
where is the primary visual cortex?
On the medial surface of the occipital lobe, on either side of the calcarine sulcus
20
what is the role of the visual association cortex?
concerned with interpretation of visual images (occipital lobe)
21
what is the functional limbic lobe involved in?
memory and emotional aspects of behaviour
22
what is aphasia?
problem with speech due to damage to one or more speech areas in brain
23
describe the language problems associated with broca's aphasia?
Understands speech Misses small words Aware of difficulties in speech
Damage to frontal lobe
Weakness/paralysis of one side of body
24
describe the language problems associated with wernicke's aphasia?
Fluent speech, with new meaningless words, can’t understand speech, doesn’t know of mistakes
Damage to temporal lobe
No paralysis
25
what are commisural fibres?
connect corresponding areas of the two hemispheres
26
what are Association fibres?
connect one part of the cortex with the other. They may be short or long
27
what are Projection fibres?
run between the cerebral cortex and various subcortical centres
28
what is 3D cerebral tractography?
3D modelling technique that maps functional white matter tracts using MRI
29
what is the internal capsule?
made up of projection fibres passing to and from the cerebral cortex
30
what is the basal ganglia?
Subcortical nuclei (collection of neuronal cell bodies – grey matter) deep within each cererbal hemisphere.
31
what makes up the basal ganglia?
caudate nucleus, putamen and globus pallidus
32
describe the shape of the caudate nucleus
nucleus starts as a large head medial to the internal capsule, a body and a slender curving tail which follows the curve of the lateral ventricle.
33
in relation to the internal capsule how does the putamen and globus pallidus lie?
putamen laterally and globus pallidus medially
34
what is the lentiform nucleus made up of?
putamen and globus pallidus
35
what are the input regions?
caudate nucleus and the putamen
36
what are the output regions?
globus pallidus and the substantia nigra
37
what does the basal ganglia do?
regulate initiation and termination of movements
38