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Chemistry YEAR 8 > The Chemistry Of Metals And The Reactivity Series > Flashcards

The Chemistry Of Metals And The Reactivity Series Flashcards

1
Q

Lithium’s appearance before reaction with water

A

Grey, dull solid
Soft + shiny when cut

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2
Q

Sodium’s appearance before reaction with water

A

Light grey, dull solid
Even softer and shinier when cut (more than lithium)

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3
Q

Potassium’s appearance before reaction with water

A

Dark grey, dull solid
Softest
Shiny when cut

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4
Q

Lithium’s observations for reaction with water

A

Floats and moves around
Effervesces
Eventually disappears
Turns UI purple

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5
Q

Sodium’s observations for reaction with water

A

Floats and moves around quickly
Effervesces
Melts and forms a sphere
Eventually disappears
Turns UI purple
Orange sparks

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6
Q

Potassium’s observations for reaction with water

A

Floats and moves around quickly
Melts and forms a sphere
Eventually disappears
Turns UI purple
Ignites with a lilac flame
Quick reaction

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7
Q

What is the pattern with Group 1 metals reacting with water?

A

They get more reactive as you go down group 1

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8
Q

Why are group 1 metals called alkali metals?

A

When they react with water they produce a metal hydroxide which is alkaline

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9
Q

Equation for Lithium & Water

A

Lithium + water —> lithium hydroxide + hydrogen

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10
Q

Equation for Sodium & Water

A

Sodium + water —> sodium hydroxide + hydrogen

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11
Q

Equation for Potassium & Water

A

Potassium + water —> potassium hydroxide + hydrogen

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12
Q

Hydrochloric Acid name when a salt (Magnesium)

A

(Magnesium) Chloride

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13
Q

Sulfuric Acid name when a salt (Magnesium)

A

(Magnesium) Sulfate

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14
Q

Nitric Acid name when a salt (Magnesium)

A

(Magnesium) Nitrate

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15
Q

What metals do not react with dilute acids?

A

Metals under hydrogen in the reactivity series

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16
Q

General Equation for Metals & Acids

A

Metal + Acid —> salt + hydrogen

17
Q

How to test for hydrogen?

A

Lit splint —> squeaky pop

18
Q

General Displacement Reaction equation

A

More reactive metal + less reactive metal compound —> more reactive metal compound + less reactive metal

19
Q

Equation for thermite reaction

A

Aluminium + iron oxide —> iron + aluminium oxide

20
Q

What type of reaction is the thermite reaction?

A

Displacement

21
Q

What is the equation for rust?

A

Iron + oxygen —> (water) hydrated iron oxide

22
Q

Examples of barrier methods

A

Paint, rubber, galvanisation, oiling

23
Q

Example of sacrificial protection

A

Attaching big blocks of magnesium to the iron hull of a ship or water pipe so it corrodes in preference

24
Q

What is galvanising

A

Physical barrier (zinc on top of iron)
Zinc is more reactive than iron so it corrodes in preference

Chemistry YEAR 8 (3 decks)

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