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Flashcards in THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM Deck (12)
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1
Q

Explain why the human circulatory system is described as a ‘double circulatory system’?

A

Because it consists of 2 circuits joined together.

The 1st circuit pumps deO2 blood —) lungs to take in 02 & returns OXGEN blood —-) heart

The 2nd circuit pumps 0XYGEN blood around all other organs of the body &returns deOXGEN blood—) heart

2
Q

how is the HB controlled?

A

By a group of cells located in the RA wall that ACTS AS A PACEMAKERR

3
Q

Name 1 adaptation of the arteries?

A

They have thick elastic fibres to stretch and spring back

4
Q

Explain why the walls of the capillaries are 1 cell thick

A

Capillaries carry blood= close to cells= to exchange substances with them.
Having thin walls = inc rate at which substances can diffuse across them by shortening the diffusion distance

5
Q

What does haemoglobin do?

A

absorbs oxygen, combines with oxygen to make OXYHAEMAGLOBIN

6
Q

Explain how WBC’S are adapted to their function?

A

Phagocytes- can change shape and engulf microbes in a process called PHAGOCYTOSIS

lymphocytes- produce antibodies to fight microbes off or produce antitoxins to neutralise any toxins produced by the microbe.

7
Q

Structure of platelets

A

Small fragments of cells with no nucleus

8
Q

Function of platelets

A

Help blood clot at a wound

9
Q

Explain why a blockage in the coronary arteries could damage the patient’s heart muscle?

A

Restricts the blood flow to heart muscle, leading to a lack of oxygen reaching it

10
Q

Suggest and describe a method of treatment a doctor might recommend to the patient?

A

Doctor might recommend a STENT. Stents are tubes that are inserted inside arteries to keep them open —) To MAKE SURE THAT BLOOD CAN PASS THROUGH TO THE HEART MUSCLE

11
Q

Explain how statins prevent / slow progression of CHD

A

Reduce amount of ‘bad’ cholesterol present in the blood stream—–) slowing down rate of FATTU DEPOSITS FORMING IN THE CORONORY ARTERIES

12
Q

a Patient is offered statins. Suggest one reason he may not wish to take them.

A

SIDE EFFECTS:
headache.
dizziness.
feeling sick.