The Cold War

Question 1

During WWII what describes the relationship between the US and the Soviet Union?

Answer 1

Uneasy allies

Question 2

Who was part of the Yalta conference?

Answer 2

Stalin, Churchill, and Roosevelt

Question 3

What two things happened at the Yalta Conference?

Answer 3

1. Agreed to divide Germany into 4 zones occupied by the French, British, USA, and the Soviet Union.
2. Stalin promised to give Eastern European countries free elections after the war.

Question 4

In June of 1945 the United Nations was established, what was it?

Answer 4

International peace keeping organizations that replaced the League of Nations. New York City

Question 5

What did the USA and Soviet Union have different views on?

Answer 5

Post war goals

Question 6

What was the major goal of the Soviet Union?

Answer 6

To shield itself from another invasion from the west and to spread communism.

Question 7

What did the Soviet Union want to use as a buffer?

Answer 7

Eastern Europe—a wall of protection

Question 8

What was the major goal of the USA?

Answer 8

To spread democracy in the world

Question 9

What two things happened at the Potsdam Conference?

Answer 9

1. Stalin said he was not going to allow free elections in Eastern Europe.
2. He declared that communism and capitalism could not exist in the same world!

Question 10

What signified the beginning of the Cold War?

Answer 10

When Stalin declared that communism and capitalism couldn’t exist in the same world at the Potsdam conference

Question 11

Out of the 4 countries who didn’t give back their zone to Germany by 1948?

Answer 11

The Soviet Union

Question 12

What were the 2 German states?

Answer 12

Federal Republic of Germany- west Germany

German Democratic Republic- east Germany

Question 13

Cold War meaning?

Answer 13

A struggle over political differences carried on by means short of military action or war. Struggle to see if the political ideas of democracy or communism would rule the world!

Question 14

Us foreign policy?

Answer 14

Containment- blocking and stopping the spread of communism and spreading democracy

Question 15

Truman Doctrine?

Answer 15

Gave US aid and support to any country that resisted and rejected communism— Turkey and Greece

Question 16

Marshall Plan?

Answer 16

Assistance program to rebuild Western Europe after the war, the only requirement was to stay away from communism!

Question 17

Who was the Marshall Plan named after?

Answer 17

Secretary of State George Marshall

Question 18

Berlin Airlift—what did the SU demand?

Answer 18

They demanded Berlin. Because it was in the Soviet sector so they set up a blockade around West Berlin

Question 19

What was West Berlin known as?

Answer 19

The Island of Democracy

Question 20

What did the US and British so during the Berlin airlift?

Answer 20

They airlifted food and supplies in to the people of West Berlin— soviets gave up and lifted the blockade

Question 21

What was the significance of the Berlin Airlift?

Answer 21

The first conflict of the war?

Question 22

Who were the two rival allies during the Cold War?

Answer 22

1. NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization)- led by the USA, Canada, and Western Europe
2. Warsaw Pact- led by the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe.

Not every country joined the alliances some like India and China remained neutral

Question 23

What was the threat during the Cold War?

Answer 23

Nuclear War

Question 24

What was developed?

Answer 24

Hydrogen bombs that were thousands of times more powerful than the atomic bombs

Question 25

Brinkmanship?

Answer 25

The willingness to go to the brink or edge of war created huge tension between the two superpowers

Question 26

Over the next 40 years what was there?

Answer 26

A build up of nuclear weapons—an arms race

Question 27

During the space race the Soviets created the first...

Answer 27

ICBM—Intercontinental ballistic missile

Question 28

During the space race the soviets launched the first...

Answer 28

Unmanned satellite in space—Sputnik

Question 29

During the space race the USA launched the first...

Answer 29

Spy planes (U-2s)

Question 30

U-2 Incident?

Answer 30

Shot down over the USSR (Frances Gary Powers)

Question 31

During the space race the USA was the first to..

Answer 31

Put a man on the moon

Question 32

In 1959 what happened that concerned the USA?

Answer 32

The communists took over Cuba. Fidel Castro was the leader

Question 33

Living condition is East Berlin?

Answer 33

Was horrible

Question 34

Why did they build the Berlin Wall?

Answer 34

Because hundreds of thousands of East Berliners fled to the west to escape communism. So the Soviet Union build a wall up overnight to keep the people in.

Question 35

What did the Berlin Wall do? And how long was it?

Answer 35

It divided East and West Berlin and was 87 miles long

Question 36

What did Winston Churchill call the Berlin Wall?

Answer 36

Iron Curtain—separated freedom from tyranny

Question 37

Bay of Pigs Invasion

Answer 37

JFK gave approval to an overthrow of the communist government

Question 38

What did the CIA do?

Answer 38

They trained Cubans to invade Cuba

Question 39

When it failed (training to invade Cuba) what did the Cubans do?

Answer 39

Turned to Soviet Union for protection

Question 40

Who was the leader of the Soviet Union?

Answer 40

Nikita Khrushchev

Question 41

Cuban Missile Crisis?

Answer 41

Placed several nuclear missiles in Cuba all pointed at the USA

Question 42

US reconnaissance plane shot down? Casualties?

Answer 42

Rudolph Anderson—pilot only casualty

Question 43

Us set up what on Cuba?

Answer 43

Set up a blockade

Question 44

How long was the blockade?

Answer 44

13 days

Question 45

The Cuban Missile Crisis was the brink of...

Answer 45

Nuclear war

Question 46

During Imperialism France controlled...

Answer 46

All of Indochina, Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia

Question 47

What was the French Indo China war?

Answer 47

In the 1930’s the communists led by Ho Chi Minh revolted against the French however the revolt was crushed and he had to flee into exile.

Question 48

In 1941 Japan seized and took over

Answer 48

Vietnam

Question 49

After the war what did Ho Chi Minh form?

Answer 49

The Vietnam Independence league

Question 50

What was the goal of the Vietnam Independence league?

Answer 50

To get independence from France

Question 51

During the war what tactics did the Vietminh use?

Answer 51

They use guerrilla warfare hit and run tactics

Question 52

Who did the Us support

Answer 52

France democracy

Question 53

Who did the Soviet Union support?

Answer 53

The communists

Question 54

Who won the Vietnam war?

Answer 54

The communists

Question 55

The Usa was greatly concerned under Pres Dwight Eisenhower. Why?

Answer 55

Because of the dominó theory they feared the rest of SE Asia would fall like dominoes to the communists

Question 56

What did the usa convince the un to do?

Answer 56

To divide Vietnam into 2 parts

Question 57

South Vietnam did what?

Answer 57

With the help of the usa set up a democratic government led by Ngo Dinh Diem.

Question 58

Vietcong

Answer 58

The communists guerilla led opposition to diem backed by the peasants the looked to take over south Vietnam’s

Question 59

Two major problems the us army faced in the Vietnam war?

Answer 59

Fighting a guerilla war in unfamiliar territory | The south Vietnamese government was very unpopular

Question 60

US tactics to win war?

Answer 60

Search and Destroy

Question 61

What was the problem with search and destroy?

Answer 61

They couldn’t find the enemy because of underground tunnels

Question 62

What did the Us turn to when stymied on the ground?

Answer 62

Air power—bombing known as operation thunder

Question 63

What was the result of the operation rolling thunder?

Answer 63

It created more peasant opposition

Question 64

What kind of culture sprung up in the us?

Answer 64

A youth driven counterculture—hippies | Anti war and antigovernment protests mostly college students

Question 65

Draft dodgers

Answer 65

Those who escaped to Canada

Question 66

Nicknames for anti war and pro war

Answer 66

Doves vs Hawks

Question 67

What was President Nixon’s new plan?

Answer 67

Vietnamization the gradual pull f us troops replaced by south Vietnamese

Question 68

What happened in the Kent state protests

Answer 68

4 college students were killed

Question 69

Paris Accords?

Answer 69

All us troops pulled out south Vietnam kept independence

Question 70

What happened in 1975

Answer 70

North reneged and south Vietnam fell to communists

Question 71

Results of Vietnamwar?

Answer 71

58000 troops died 2 million Vietnamese died Only was in us history that we lost

Question 72

What happened to Cambodia

Answer 72

It was taken over by communists

Question 73

Who was Cambodia led by?

Answer 73

Khmer Rouge Pol pot | Killed over 1.5 m people