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World war II Flashcards

(72 cards)

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1
Q

What was the miracle at Dunkirk?

A

Amphibious operation that miraculously rescued the British and French armies

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2
Q

Leader of the French government

A

Charles de Gaulle

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3
Q

Free France/France

A

By the summer of 1940 Germany had conquered all of W Europe except for Great Britain

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4
Q

Operation Sea Lion

A

Battle of Britain

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5
Q

What was the Battle of Britain?

A

Hitlers plan to invade and conquer Britain

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6
Q

What should they control first?

A

The Luftwaffe German Air Force, the sky, combers attack Britain day and night

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7
Q

What did they target first?

A

Communication centers and airfields— wanted to destroy the British RAF

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8
Q

New Prime Minister?

A

Winston Churchill

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9
Q

Hitler changed his targets..

A

To attacking civilian population cities

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10
Q

Why was Hitler changing his targets a mistake?

A

Cause it gave British RAF time to recover.

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11
Q

The Blitz?

A

London attacked for 57 consecutive days/nights

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12
Q

What was the purpose of the blitz?

A

To destroy people’s will to fight — motivational posters, however it backfired and made them more determined to resist

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13
Q

What new British invention changed the tide?

A

RADAR

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14
Q

Results of the Battle of Britain

A

Turning point cause Britain wins— first time Hitler lost

People of Europe realized that Hitler is not unbeatable which boosted morale

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15
Q

Battle of the Atlantic

A

Lifeline of GB, it was between USA and GB—The ocean was vital for gbs survival (supplies and equipment)

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16
Q

Two sides of the war?

A

Allied Powers: Gb, France, and the Soviet Union and later the USA
Axis Powers: Germany, Italy, and Japan

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17
Q

What did USA practice?

A

It was neutral practiced Isolationism

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18
Q

Cash and Carry Program?

A

1939-40 assisted Great Britain with supplies.

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19
Q

Lend Lease Program

A

The USA could lend or lease arms or other supplies to any country

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20
Q

Who got aid?

A

Great Britain, China, and the Soviet Union

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21
Q

By 1941 what was the us doing?

A

THE USA was fighting an undeclared war on the axis powers.

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22
Q

Operation Barbarossa

A

Invasion of the Soviet Union on the Eastern Front

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23
Q

What 4 reasons did Hitler want the Soviet Union?

A
  1. lebensraum (living space) for German people
  2. largest population of Jews
  3. Natural resources—oil etc
  4. He hated communism and Stalin
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24
Q

Red army?

A

Unprepared Russian army

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25
Battle of Leningrad
900 day siege of the 2.5 million residents over 1 million died
26
Battle of Stalingrad
Fought for control over the Russian oil fields | Ordered to fight to the death no surrender lasted 5 months
27
Turning point of the War on the eastern front?
neither city surrendered —battle of Stalingrad | The Soviets lost the most people in the war 20 million
28
Why was the Russian was Hitler greatest mistake?
Drained his manpower lost one third and military resources he also gets himself into a two front war
29
After the USA enters the war?
USA stopped all trading including oil with Japan—EMBARGO
30
What does Japan realize?
That the USA is the only country that can stop them from taking over Asia
31
What did the Japanese do?
Planned a secret attack— Battle of Pearl Harbor: USA naval base in the Pacific (Hawaii)
32
Isoroku Yamamoto
Japanese naval commander
33
When did the surprise attack happen?
December 7, 1941
34
2 warning signs?
1. Midget submarines discovered—4:00am | 2. RADAR SIGHTING—7:05
35
First wave?
2 waves of bombers and torpedo planes
36
3 targets of Pearl Harbor?
Aircraft carriers (flat tops), battleships, and airfields
37
USS Arizona
Memorial
38
Results of Ph?
Destroyed 18 ships, including 8 battleships, 188 airplanes, and killed 2403 men
39
Why was the attack not complete . What did the Japanese fail to do?
1. Destroy repair facilities 2. Destroy the fuel depots 3. Destroy the US aircraft carriers
40
Dec 8.
FDR and the USA declare war on Japan.
41
What doe FDR call Pearl Harbor?
A date which will live in infamy
42
Results of Pearl Harbor
1. USA enter WWII 2. unites the people of USA to want revenge 3. Internment camps: 1100p Japanese Americans Nisei were forced into prison camps by A,Eric an government n the USA
43
2 reasons for internment camps?real and fake
National security and fear and prejudice
44
Baatan Death March
70000 American Filipino prisoners forced to march 50 miles from Corregidor Island
45
US Commander of the Pacific Theater? Quote?
Gen Douglas MacArthur— promises I shall return
46
Doolittle Raid?
Over Tokyo James Doolittle— strike Tokyo (16 bombers)—no military significances but boosted American morale
47
2 major naval/air battles
1. Battle of the Coral Sea The USA fleets stops the invasion of Australia 2. Battle of Midway US defeats the Japanese and stops the planned invasion of Hawaii Turning point battle in the Pacific
48
American strategy to win the Pacific theater?
Island hopping- to get close enough to launch bombing attacks on Japan
49
Battle of Guadalcanal
Island of Death- 6 month bloody battle to control the airfield The first major island taken from the Japanese
50
Type of war in the USA?
Total war: everything involved in war effort
51
Rationing Book
Food, gas, clothing, etc
52
Victory Garden
People grew food for the war
53
Women in the workplace?
Rosie the Riveter: symbol of American woman
54
War bonds?
Loans given to the government that finance the war
55
How did they get the American people to support the War?
Propaganda
56
The Holocaust?
The systematic mass slaughter of the Jews and other undersirables
57
Heinrich Himmler?
Head of the SS (Black Shirts) we’re in charge of the Holocaust
58
What we the 4 parts to hitlers final solution?
1. Immigration 2. Mobile Death Squads 3. Ghetto 4. Death camps/ Gas ovens
59
Immigration and why failed?
Made life so bad in Germany that they flee the country Failed cause of the Great Depression
60
Mobile death squats and why failed?
Soviet Union Dug trenches and were machine gunned to death | Failed because it destroyed the German soldiers morale
61
Ghetto and why failed?
Jews were rounded up in cities (Poland) and out behind barbed wire and forced to work with little food—starved to detasth Too slow
62
Holding tanks?
Ghettos held people until shipped to death camp
63
Death Camps/ Gas Ovens?
Jews gases in showers and cremated in ovens 6million Jews and 5m other undesirables were killed mostly through this method —out of 1qm —1.5m were kids
64
Peak of Holocaust?
1942 up to 15000 killed daily
65
Corrie ten boom?
Dutch Christian who hid Jews—hiding place
66
Dietrich Bonhoeffe
German Protestant pastor who gave his life— the cost of discipleship
67
Oskar Schindler
Businessman who gave his life saving Jews
68
Anne Frank
Jewish girl who wrote a diary
69
Israel?
Because a repayment team the Jews for the Holocaust
70
3 types of concentration camps? What were they
Pow Camps(stalag)— held prisoners of war mostly in Germany most survived Work Camps— used slave labor to help the Germen war effort many worked to death mostly in Germany (Dachau was the most infamous) Death Camps— used to exterminate people all 6 in Poland — Auschwitz was the most infamous—1.1m died
71
2 Major causes of WWII
Mistreatment of Germans in the Versailles Treaty | The Great Depression leads to rise of dictators
72
Rise of 4 extreme forms of government
Communism Nazism Militarism Fascism

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