The Collapse of the Democracy 1928-1933

Question 1

What fraction of German workers were registered as unemployed by 1932?

Answer 1

A third

Question 2

What has it been estimated that the number of unemployed was by January 1933?

Answer 2

8 million

Question 3

Which glass making city was affected by the depression and by 1931 half of the population was receiving welfare payments and some that no longer qualified had to rely on relief?

Answer 3

Brand-Ebisdorff

Question 4

Which diseases begin to spread because of poverty?

Answer 4

Terberculosis and Rickets

Question 5

In Hamburg in June 1933 unemployment was what among the age group of 14-25?

Answer 5

39%

Question 6

What were young people convicted with during the depression?

Answer 6

Theft
Assault
Threatening behaviour

Question 7

Who did the KPD have success in recruiting during the depression?

Answer 7

working class youths to ‘wild cliques’

Question 8

Which political extremist paramilitary groups attracted young boys with the promise of a uniform, food and shelter?

Answer 8

The SA

Question 9

What law was passed in May 1932 in response to right wing accusations of ‘double earners’?

Answer 9

A law allowing female civil servants to be dissmissed

Question 10

How many women were dismissed from the Reich Postal service after the law in May 1932?

Answer 10

1000

Question 11

In response to the depression, the DVP wanted to reduce unemployment benefits. What did the SPD want to do?

Answer 11

Protect benefits and raise taxes

Question 12

What did the appointment of Bruner as Chancellor influenced by Groener show about the Weimar Government?

Answer 12

That the army was beginning to play a key role in politics

Question 13

What did Bruner’s coalition Government exclude that meant the Weimar was practically a dictatorship after March 1930?

Answer 13

The SPD

Question 14

How many votes did the Nazis gain in September 1930?

Answer 14

6.5 million!!

From 12 to 107 seats

Question 15

Nazis claimed communists killed 29 of their men. How many did the KPD accuse them of killing communists?

Answer 15

92

Question 16

What was outlawed in April 1932?

Answer 16

The SA

Question 17

How many members did the SA have by 1932?

Answer 17

400,000

Question 18

Which Nazi ideology proclaimed that power, strength and determination would succeed and were presented through the image of the SA?

Answer 18

The power of the will

Question 19

Which Nazi ideology stressed that conflict between races was the natural order of things and war would reconstruct a new German Reich that glorified the military?

Answer 19

Struggle and War

Question 20

Which Nazi ideology demonstrated an Aryan state that would abolish social class and go back to a romanticized mythical Germany that would be based on ‘blood and soil’?

Answer 20

Volksgemeinschaft

Question 21

Which Nazi ideology stressed that democracy was the evil of communism and that the ‘November Criminals’ should be replaced with a dictatorship?

Answer 21

Fuhrerhsip

Question 22

Which Nazi ideology hoped to reverse the TOV, establish a Great German Reich and secure Lebensraum?

Answer 22

Nationalism

Question 23

What did Nazis argue was a major result of the depression?

Answer 23

Jewish Capitalism

Question 24

What did Hitler use money from Hugenburg and Thyssen for?

Answer 24

Travel all over Germany giving speeches

Question 25

How many votes did the KPD gain between 1928 and July 1932?

Answer 25

2 million

Question 26

What did the communists stage?

Answer 26

Hunger marches

Question 27

What was Bruner dubbed for his economic policies like reducing state expenditure and cutting welfare benefits?

Answer 27

The hunger chancellor

Question 28

Who began to rule by decree in December 1932?

Answer 28

Papen

Question 29

Who believed the greatest threat to Germany was communism and lifted the ban on the SA?

Answer 29

Papen

Question 30

How many Nazis were in Hitler's cabinet in 1933?

Answer 30

3 out of 12

Question 31

Who organised a demonstration that proved Hitler's appointment as Chancellor wasn't going to be a 'normal change' in German society?

Answer 31

Joseph Goebbels

Question 32

How many members did the SA have by 1934?

Answer 32

3 million

Question 33

What was the name of the merged SA and German police 'Stahlhelm'?

Answer 33

Auxillary police

Question 34

Who's paper was banned for criticising the murders of a communist and an SPD mayor?

Answer 34

SPD

Question 35

What was the first permanent concentration camp that began in 1933 and housed 5,000 people?

Answer 35

Dachau

Question 36

What happened on the 27th February 1933 that intensified Nazi violence and led to the decree for the protection of the people and the state?

Answer 36

The Reichstag Fire

Question 37

What decree was passed that gave the police the power to arrest and detain without charge and search private premises?

Answer 37

the decree for the protection of the people and the state

Question 38

How many communists were arrested in 2 weeks because of a fear of a 'German Bolshevik Revolution' after the Reichstag fire?

Answer 38

10,000

Question 39

What act was passed on the 24th March 1933 that gave Hitler the dictatorial power to pass laws without the permission of the Reichstag?

Answer 39

The Enabling Act

Question 40

Between 1929 and 1932, Germany's export trade declined by what?

Answer 40

61%

Question 41

Between 1929 and 1932, Germany's industrial production declined by what?

Answer 41

11%

Question 42

During the depression, why was there a difference between male and female employment statistics?

Answer 42

Some traditional female jobs weren't affected | Women less likely to register as unemployed

Question 43

What were Bruning's Government's priorities towards young people during the depression?

Answer 43

Control expenditure of benefits | Lessen effects of unemployment on young people

Question 44

During the depression, what did the Government establish for young people?

Answer 44

Day centres for work related activities and socialising Emergency labour schemes of manual labour with wages which were below the minimum Voluntary labour schemes = leaving home for 6 months

Question 45

During the depression, when were there 2 waves of strikes for higher wages for young people in the Emergency Labour Schemes?

Answer 45

October 1930 | June 1932

Question 46

What was the law allowing married women to be dismissed from the Civil Service symbolic of?

Answer 46

Victory for those who believed married women shouldn't be employed outside the home

Question 47

During the depression, who's rights suffered?

Answer 47

Women's

Question 48

What were the political consequences of the depression?

Answer 48

Collapse of Grand Coalition Left and right extremist groups gained support Intensification of political violence

Question 49

In the Grand Coalition during the depression, what did the DVP and the SPD want to do which created a deadlock and forced Muller to resign?

Answer 49

DVP reduce unemployment benefits | SPD protect benefits and raise taxes

Question 50

What did the role of General Groener and Von Schleicher, who were opposed to democracy, in the appointment of Bruner as Chancellor in 1930 signify?

Answer 50

Army's role in politics

Question 51

In 1932 how many laws were passed by decree in comparison to laws passed by the Reichstag?

Answer 51

66 | 5

Question 52

In 1930 how many laws were passed by decree in comparison to laws passed by the Reichstag?

Answer 52

98 | 5

Question 53

What did Bruning's coalition Gov exclude, meaning he couldn't support laws as he didn't have enough support from the Reichstag?

Answer 53

SPD

Question 54

How did Bruning respond to the depression?

Answer 54

Cut expenditure | Raised taxes

Question 55

What did Bruning do that caused a political crises because Article 48 was only meant to be used in emergencies not for political business?

Answer 55

Used Article 48 to pass a law putting the budget of cutting expenditure and raising taxes into law

Question 56

How many seats did the communists have in the Reichstag in 1930?

Answer 56

77

Question 57

Out of the whole electorate, what fraction of people voted for anti democratic parties in 1930?

Answer 57

2/5

Question 58

Between February and November 1931, how many times did the Reichstag meet?

Answer 58

0

Question 59

What paramilitary group did the KPD form?

Answer 59

Red-Front Fighters League

Question 60

In the March 1933 election, who still had significant presence in the Reichstag despite Hitler's efforts?

Answer 60

Centre Party 11.25% of vote | SPD 18.25% of vote

Question 61

What did the communist's membership increase to in 1932?

Answer 61

360,000

Question 62

What is an example of a place that came under communist control as the communists presented themselves as defenders of working class districts?

Answer 62

Wedding District of Berlin

Question 63

What did the KPD believe in?

Answer 63

``` End to cuts in unemployment benefits and wages legislation of abortion close cooperation with the USSR end of military spending workers state ```

Question 64

What was the KPD's ultimate aim?

Answer 64

Throw over the Weimar

Question 65

What did the KPD label the SPD as?

Answer 65

'social fascists'

Question 66

What were some strengths of the KPD?

Answer 66

Posters

Question 67

In the July 1932 election, what percentage of the vote did the Nazis have?

Answer 67

37.3%

Question 68

Which groups didn't vote for the Nazis in the July 1932 election?

Answer 68

SPD KPD Catholics from the Centre Party

Question 69

What percentage of the vote did the Nazis have in the November 1932 election?

Answer 69

33.1%

Question 70

Why did the Nazis get less votes in the November 1932 election?

Answer 70

Middle class alienated by Nazis attacks on Papen nd his refusal to join a coalition

Question 71

Who alienated industrialists during his chancellorship from December 1932 to January 1933 because of his economic policies?

Answer 71

Schleicher

Question 72

Who failed to get a coalition with the Nazis?

Answer 72

Shleicher

Question 73

Who asked for virtually dictatorial powers?

Answer 73

Schleicher

Question 74

Why was Nazi prominence in elections important?

Answer 74

Because it meant Hitler had to be listened to and consulted on coalitions