The communicator Flashcards
(37 cards)
Name the theories in “the communicator”
Symbolic interactionism by Mead
The presentational self by Goffmann
The Communication theory of identity by Micheal Hect
Identity negotiation theory by Stella Ting-Toomey
Standpoint theory by Harding and Collins
Identity as constructed and performed -> a Hoffmann theory
Queer Theory from 1990, by de Lauretis and Butler.
How we communicate -> the rhetorical tradition
Who is behind the Symbolic Interactionism?
Herbert Mead
Define the Symbolic Interactionism
The self is a social object, defined and understood over time through interact with our oriental others.
In the Symbolic Interactionism, we have the concept social object - what is it?
The social object is something that we understand through interaction. This could be the concept telephone, we understand it because we use it interaction with others. How we understand it is learned/experienced with others.
In the Social Interactionism, we have the concept Plan of Action -> what is it?
How we act towards the social object, is our plan of action.
Our plan of action is guided through attitudes, verbal statements (our values against the social object)
Our plan of action is influenced by others (the oriental others)
Who is behind the Presentational Self?
Erving Goffmann
Explain the Presentational Self
We tell stories to present to others in a desired way. The self presentation is about impression management. We play roles and have more than one self, depending on the situations we find ourself in.
What is the metaphor in the Presentational Self?
The settings are viewed as a stage, the persons are actors, and they perform to make an impression on the audience.
In the Presentational Self, there are the concepts Framing Analysis and Framework -> what are they?
Framing Analysis is how the person understand the situation. Strips are the activities, and the frame is the definition of the stripes -> these gives us the framework, this is where we understand our experience.
The Presentational Self also mentions the concept Face Engangement -> can you elaborate on what it is?
Face engangment occurs when there is a focused interaction between people.
In 2 words, define the Presentational Self
Telling Stories
Impression Management
Playing Roles
Who is behind the Communication Theory of Identity?
Michael Hect
What is the Communication Theory of Identity about?
About linking the individual and society together.
Identity is in the bigger picture cultural determined
In Communication Theory of Identity, we have 4 dimensions of identity, what are they and what do they consist of?
- Affective dimensions -> our feelings
- Cognitive dimensions -> our thoughts
- Behavioral dimensions -> our actions
- Spiritual dimension -> our relationship to the transcendent.
In Communication Theory of Identity, what is Identity?
Identity is a code, that defines our relationship within the communities we are in.. Identity consists of symbols, meanings and words.
In Communication Theory of Identity, what is the role of communication?
Communication is how the identity is established, and how it changes over time.
It can change in the personal sense of self (subjective dimension), and what others say about you (ascribed dimensions)
In Communication Theory of Identity, there is the concepts of layers -> name these
- Personal layer -> our own concept of self
- Enactment layer -> Others concept of us
- Relational layer -> who we are in relation to others
- Communal layer -> Who we are in relation to our community.
Note that cultures emphasize different layers, but they are all four present
Who is behind the Identity Negotiation Theory?
Stella Ting-Toomey
What is Identity Negotiation Theory about?
About communication within cultural groups, and how we negotiate identities in interaction with others. She focus upon cultures.
In Identity Negotiation Theory we have 4 different identities, please name these
- Personal Identity -> what we characterize with ourselves
- Social Identity -> Our initial development, often learned from family
- Cultural Identity -> Our attachment to a larger group, like being a teen, or a student.
- Ethnic Identity -> Our association with groups.
Both 3 and 4 are characterized by value and our strength of connection.
In Identity Negotiation Theory, there are different levels of connection to the cultural and ethnic identities.
These are functional biculturalism, cultural transformer and intercultural competence -> please explain them further.
Functional biculturalism -> About maintaining a strong self, but still being able to understand/consider the identities of others.
Cultural transformer -> you are able to adapt to different cultures.
Intercultural competence -> when you have knowledge, mindfuldness and negotiations skills about the other culture.
Who is behind Standpoint Theory
Harding / Collins
What is Standpoint Theory?
Standpoint Thory is concerned with how circumstances in an individual’s life affects how the individual understands and constructs a social world.
Standpoint Theory claims that we have “multiple identities”, how is that?
We have different strandpoints to different social objects, standpoint occurs when a person challenge/acknowledge and recognize cultural values and power relations concerned with oppressions.
