The Endocrine System

Question 1

What is the endocrine system

Answer 1

The hormonal system which works alongside the NS to control vital body functions

Question 2

What does the endocrine system manufacture and secrete

Answer 2

Hormones which are chemical messengers

Question 3

What are hormones secreted through

Answer 3

Blood vessels

Question 4

What are hormones

Answer 4

Chemical messengers that only affect target organs

Question 5

What are glands

Answer 5

A group of cells that are specialised to produce and secrete specific hormones

Question 6

What are the main glands in the body

Answer 6

Hypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenals, pancreas, ovaries and testes

Question 7

What is the key endocrine gland and why

Answer 7

Pituitary gland as it controls the release of hormones from all the other glands in the body

Question 8

What is the role of the hypothalamus

Answer 8

Acts as your body’s smart control coordinating center to keep your body in a stable condition

Question 9

What is homeostasis

Answer 9

Maintenance of steady constant internal function in the body

Question 10

What is the pituitary gland

Answer 10

The master gland which controls the release of hormones from other glands in the body

Question 11

What is the pituitary gland controlled by

Answer 11

The hypothalamus

Question 12

What are the two divisions of the pituitary gland

Answer 12

Anterior lobe and posterior lobe

Question 13

What hormone does the anterior lobe release

Answer 13

Adrenocortical tropic hormone (ACTH)

Question 14

What does ACTH stimulate and release

Answer 14

Stimulates the adrenal cortex and the release of cortisol

Question 15

What does the hormones released by the anterior lobe play a role in

Answer 15

How our body responds to stress

Question 16

What hormone does the posterior lobe release

Answer 16

Oxytocin

Question 17

What is oxytocin and what is it responsible for

Answer 17

“love hormone” that’s responsible for uterus contractions during childbirth

Question 18

What does the pineal gland release

Answer 18

Melatonin

Question 19

What is the role of the pineal gland and melatonin

Answer 19

Responsible for important biological rhythms such as the sleep wake cycle

Question 20

What hormone does the thyroid gland release

Answer 20

Thyroxine

Question 21

What is the responsibility of the thyroid gland and thyroxine

Answer 21

Regulating metabolism

Question 22

What are the two parts of the adrenal gland

Answer 22

Adrenal medulla and Adrenal cortex

Question 23

What hormone does the adrenal medulla gland release

Answer 23

Adrenaline and noradrenaline

Question 24

What hormone does the adrenal coretx gland release

Answer 24

Cortisol

Question 25

What is the responsibility of the adrenal cortex and cortisol

Answer 25

Stimulate glucose release to provide the body with energy whilst suppressing the immune system

Question 26

What hormone do the ovaries release

Answer 26

Oestrogen

Question 27

What is the role of the ovaries and oestrogen

Answer 27

Controls the regulation of the female reproductive system like the menstrual cycle and pregnancy

Question 28

What hormone does the testes release

Answer 28

Testosterone

Question 29

What is the responsibility of the testes and testosterone

Answer 29

Development of the male sex characteristics during puberty and promoting muscle growth

Question 30

How does the endocrine system work with the ANS during a fight or flight response

Answer 30

With the use of hypothalamus, pituitary gland, adrenal gland and the hormones that are used to trigger the response

Question 31

Once the stressful situation has occured , what part of the brain senses the emotions and sends a distress signal to the hypothalamus

Answer 31

Amygdala

Question 32

What is the amygdala

Answer 32

part of the brain that senses the change in emotions and sends a distress signal to the hypothalamus

Question 33

Where does the amygdala send the distress signal to

Answer 33

Hypothalamus

Question 34

What does the hypothalamus trigger to start the fight or flight response

Answer 34

The sympathetic NS and the pituitary gland

Question 35

What does the pituitary gland release when triggered

Answer 35

ACTH

Question 36

What does the ACTH stimulate in the process of the fight or flight response

Answer 36

Stimulates the adrenal glands to secret adrenaline and cortisol into the blood stream

Question 37

When is the flight or flight response in full effect

Answer 37

Once the adrenaline and cortisol is in the blood stream and the effects are shown

Question 38

What two parts are responsible for regulating the body after the stressful situation is over

Answer 38

Adrenal cortex and the parasympathetic NS

Question 39

What is the role of the adrenal gland after the stressful situation is over

Answer 39

To release cortisol to block the pituitary gland from increasing adrenaline levels