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History > the glimpse of Sanchi > Flashcards

the glimpse of Sanchi Flashcards

1
Q

sanchi stupa in mp , preservation led by -

A
  • rulers of bhopal
  • shahjehan begum
  • sultan jehan begum
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2
Q

who wrote volumes on SANCHI and dedicated rulers of bhopal ?

A

JOHN MARSHALL

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3
Q

SANCHI STUPA 19th C.

A
  • SHAHJEHAN BEGUM [NWAWB OF BHOPAL][1868-1901]]
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4
Q

SANCHI KANAKHERA

A
  • HILL 20 MILES NORTH EAST OF BHOPAL.
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5
Q

TAJ UL IQBAL BHOPAL TRANSLATED BY

A

H.D. BARSTOW [1876]

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6
Q

BACKGROUND SACRIFICES AND DEBATES

MID FIRST MILLENIUM BCE - EMERGENCE OF THINKERS

A

ZARATHUSTRAin IRAN , KONG ZI in CHINA , socrates , plato , aristotle in greece and mahavira and gautama bhuddha in india

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7
Q

sacrificial tradition

EARLY RIGVEDIC TRADITION [c.1500BCE to 100BCE].
Contain hyms of -

A

agni , indra and soma
performed collectively and later [c. 1000 BCE -500BCE] .
* more elaborate - rajasuya and ashvamedha

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8
Q

new questions

ideas in upanishads generated a variety a question -

A
  • debates took place in kutagarashala,a hut where travelling mendicants took shelter.
  • thinkers mahavira and buddha.
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9
Q

beyind worldly pleasures : msg mahavira

about MAHAVIRA

A
  • Jainas[north india] - birth of vardhamana who later known as mahavira.
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10
Q

according to jainism , mahavira was preceded by -

A

23 teachers or tirthankars

free onself from karma , asceticisim and penance are required.

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11
Q

05 vows taken by jaina:

A
  • abstain from killing
  • abstain from stealing
  • abstain from lying
  • observe cellibacy
  • abstain from possesing property

language by jaina - prakrit sanskrit and tamil language.

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12
Q

Jaina text -

A
  • stories from prakrit -uttaradhyayana sutta queen named - kamlavati.
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13
Q

buddha and quest of enlightenment

about gautama buddha

A
  • spread msg across - central asia to china , korea,japan,sri lanka,myanmar,thailand and indonesia.
  • siddartha - son of chief - sankya clan
  • taught dhammma
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14
Q

teachings of buddha -

A
  • world is transient - anicca
  • changing and souless-anatta
  • sorrow-dukka
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15
Q

followers of the buddha

budha founded -

A

‘sanga’ or organisation of monks who teaches ‘ dhamma’
* alms - ‘bhikkus’
* women known as - bhikkhuni’

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16
Q

first women - bhikkuni ?

A

mahapajpati gotami

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17
Q

buddhist text -

A
  • after death buddha teching were compiled by - [5-4 bce c.]
  • vesali - pali for vaishali [bihar]]
  • tipitaka - three baskets.
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18
Q

Tipitaka - three baskets?

A
  • VINAYA PITAKA - JOINED SANGA OR MONASTIC ORDER.
  • SUTTA PITAKA - BUDDHA’S TEACHING.
  • ABHIDHAMMA PITAKA - PHILOSOPHICAL MATTERS.
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19
Q

BHUDDHISM TRAVELLED NEW REGIONS INCLUDE

A
  • SRI LANKA - DIPAVAMA - CHONICLE OF ISLAND
  • MAHAVAMSA - GREAT CHRONICLE
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20
Q

BHUDDHISM SPREAD TO EAST ASIA , PILGRIMS -

A
  • FA XIAN AND XUNG ZANG- CHINA TO INDIA
  • SUTTA PITAKA - VERSES COMPOSED BY BHIKKUNIS
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21
Q

RULES FOR BUDDHIST MONKS AND NUNS

RULES BY VINAYA PITAKA FOR MONKS AND NUNS-

A
  • BLANKET OR RUG MADE BY BIKKUS - KEPT FOR 6 YEARS
22
Q

STUPAS

WHAT ARE CHAITYAS

A

FUNERAL MOUNDS

23
Q

BUDDHA BIRTH , ENLIGHTMENT , SERMAN AND MAHAPARIBHANA -

A
  • BIRTH - LUMBINI
  • ENLIGHTTMENT - NIBANA - BODH GAYA
  • SERMON - SARNATH
  • MAHAPARINIBHANA - KUSHINAGAR
24
Q

ASHOKAVADANA

A
  • ASHOKA - RELICS OF BUDDHA RELICS TO TOWNS
25
Q

BY SECOND CENTURY BCE - STUPAS BUILT

A
  • BHARUT
  • SANCHI
  • SARNATH
26
Q

STUPAS PARTS -

A
  • ANDA - SEMI CIRCULAR MOUND OF EARTH
  • HARMIKA [BALCONY LIKE STRUCTURE]
  • YASTHI - LIKE MAST
  • CHHATRI OR UMBRELLA
27
Q

THE EARLY STUPAS AT SANCHI AND BHARUT WERE

A
  • PLAIN
  • GATEWAY WERE RICHLY CARVED AND INSTALLED AT FOUR CARDINAL POINTS.
28
Q

STUPAS IN AMRAVATI AND SHAHJI-KI-DHERI IN PESHAWAR[PAKISTAN]

A
  • ELABORATELY CARVED WITH NICHES AND SCULPTURE
29
Q
  • FORCED LED BY WHO FOR EALOCATION OF THE PARTS OF AMRAVATI STUPA
A

ARCHEOLOGIST - H.H.COLE

30
Q

SCULPTURE OF BUDDHA PERIOD

VESSANTARA JATAKA

A
  • GENROUS PRINCE AND BRAHMIN STORY
  • SANCHI IDENTITY SCENE
31
Q

BODHI TREE SYMBOLISES

A
  • IMP EVENT
32
Q

EMPTY SEATS?

A

MEDITATION

33
Q

THE STUPA REPRESENT

A

MAHAPARINIBBANA

34
Q

WHEEL OF DHARMA

A

FIRST SERMON BUDDHA AT SARNATH

35
Q

“SHALABHANJIKA”

A
  • ANOTHER FEATURE OF SCULPTURE
  • USED IN DECORATION IN STUPAS
36
Q

GAJALAXMI

A
  • GODDESS OF GOOD FORTUNE AND THE SERPENT ARE ALSO FOUND
37
Q

WHO CONSIDERED SANCHI TO BE A CENTRE OF TREE AND SERPENT WORSHIP ?

A

JAMES FERGUSSON

38
Q

NEW RELIGIOUS TRADITION

“BODHISATTVAS”

A

DEEPLY COMPASSIONATE BEINGS WHO ACCUMULATE MERIT THROUGH THEIR EFFORTS

39
Q

HINAYANA OR THERAVADA

A
  • MAHAYANA[GREATER VEHICLE] AND OTHERS ARE CALLED AS HINAYANA[LESSER VEHICLE]
  • OLDER TRADITON THEMSELVES AS - THERAVADA PATH OF OLD
40
Q

GROWTH OF PURANIC HINDUISM

SHAIVISM AND VAISHNAVISM .
ABOUT VAISHNAVISM -

A
  • 10 AVATARS
41
Q

TALL STUCTURE KNOWN AS -

A

SHIKHARA

42
Q

IN TEMPLE - SMALL AQUARE ROOM

A

GARBHAGRAHIHA

43
Q

ARTIFICIAL CAVES TRADITION STARTED BY

A
  • ASHOKA - 3 CENTRY BCE - BELONG TO AJVIKA SECT
44
Q

CRAVING OUT TEMPLE

A
  • KAILASHNATHA - 8TH CENTURY
45
Q

1814

A

FOUNDING MEMBERSS OF INDIAN MEUSEUM , CALCUTTA

46
Q

1834

A

PUBLICATION OF ESSAY ON THE ARCHITECTURE OF THE HINDUS

47
Q

1835 - 42

A

JAMES FERGUSSON SURVEYS - ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES

48
Q

1989

A

SANCHI DECALED WORLD HERITAGE SITES

49
Q

1955

A

OM NEHRU LAYS THE FOUNDATION STONE OF THE NATIONAL MESEUM , NEW DELHI

50
Q

1923

A

CONSERVATION MARSHALL - CONSERVATION MANUAL

51
Q

1914

A

JOHN MARSHALL AND ALFRED FOUCHER - MONUMENTS OF SANCHI

History (8 decks)

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