The Great Vessels

Question 1

what are the three layers of the arteries?

Answer 1

tunica intima
tunica media
tunica adventitia

Question 2

what is the vasa vasorum?

Answer 2

tiny vessels that supply blood to the arterial walls

Question 3

what is the tunica intima?

Answer 3

the innermost layer of the arteries - made of endolithium

Question 4

what is the tunica media?

Answer 4

the middle layer of the arteries
- made of smooth muscle tissue

Question 5

what is the tunica anventitia?

Answer 5

the outermost layer of the arteries
- made of connective tissue

Question 6

how are arteries created?

Answer 6

through splitting

Question 7

arteries move blood _________ heart, and carry ___________

Answer 7

away from the heart and carry oxygenated blood

Question 8

the _______ is the largest artery in the body

Answer 8

aorta

Question 9

arteries withstand ___________ on walls than compared to veins

Answer 9

arteries withstand greater pressure

Question 10

the aorta originates off the _______ of the heart

Answer 10

left ventricle

Question 11

what are the sections of the aorta?

Answer 11

ascending, aortic arch, descending, thoracic, abdominal

Question 12

where does the aorta end, and what does it split into? 1

Answer 12

ends at the level of the umbilicus, splits into the right and left common iliacs

Question 13

what is bifurcation?

Answer 13

the division/splitting

Question 14

what is the order of bifurcations as you go down the abdominal aorta?

Answer 14

1) The celiac trunk - 3 parts - hepatic artery, splenic artery, left gastric artery
2) SMA
3) renal arteries
4) IMA
5) iliac vessels

Question 15

what vessels are part of the celiac trunk?

Answer 15

hepatic artery
splenic artery
left gastric artery

Question 16

the SMA is located directly below the Renal arteries. T/F

Answer 16

false - the SMA bifurcates before the renal arteries

Question 17

the SMA is NOT part of the celiac trunk. T/F

Answer 17

true

Question 18

what happens to the diameter of the arteries as you move further from the heart?

Answer 18

the diameter decreases

Question 19

muscular walls are found which type of vessel?

Answer 19

both - arteries are thicker

Question 20

what are the 3 types of arterie?

Answer 20

elastic
muscular
arteriole

Question 21

what are elastic arteries?

Answer 21

large and close to heart made of elastic fibres

Question 22

what are muscular arteries?

Answer 22

smaller in diameter
less elastic
more smooth muscle

Question 23

what are arterioles?

Answer 23

very small arteries that control the amount of blood flow and pressure

Question 24

______ carry blood towards the heart

Answer 24

veins

Question 25

deoxygenated blood is carried in the ______

Answer 25

veins

Question 26

the veins hold ______% of blood volume

Answer 26

60

Question 27

this type of vessel has thicker walls, smaller lumen and consists of a round shape, what is it?

Answer 27

arteries

Question 28

what is lumen?

Answer 28

the open area of the vessel - where the blood is

Question 29

arteries and veins have the same vascular wall composition. T/F

Answer 29

true - veins just have thinner walls

Question 30

this type of vessel has thinner walls, larger lumen and consists of a variable/flattened shape, what is it?

Answer 30

veins

Question 31

what type of vessel has valves?

Answer 31

veins

Question 32

veins are created by....

Answer 32

union

Question 33

what is the largest vein?

Answer 33

inferior vena cava

Question 34

where does the IVC terminate?

Answer 34

right atrium of the heart

Question 35

the IVC is created by...

Answer 35

the union of the iliac vessels at the level of the umbilicus

Question 36

the IVC is _______ of the midline

Answer 36

right

Question 37

what are 3 major variants of the IVC

Answer 37

duplicated IVC left IVC Azygous continuation of the IVC

Question 38

describe a duplicated IVC variant

Answer 38

- most common variant - infrarenal portion with left channel entering the left renal vein

Question 39

describe left IVC variant

Answer 39

- 2nd more common - drains to the L renal vein - suprarenal has normal anatomy

Question 40

describe the azygous continuation of the IVC

Answer 40

- infrarenal IVC flows superiorly to into the hemiozygos or azygous veins - IVC does not course through the liver

Question 41

what is the normal pic of the position of the IVC and aorta?

Answer 41

red legs on top blue arms on top

Question 42

what type of vein supplies blood to the liver?

Answer 42

main portal veins

Question 43

________ arises from the union of the SMV and the Splenic veins

Answer 43

portal veins

Question 44

the portal and ______ veins come together under the pancreas

Answer 44

splenic

Question 45

the portal confluence is what and where?

Answer 45

the coming together of the SMV and splenic vein - under the pancreas