The Great War (WWI)

Question 1

How many nations in the war?

Answer 1

32

Question 2

What were the causes of the Great War?

Answer 2

1. Rise of nationalism (deep devotion to one’s country)-created desire for self rule
2. Imperialism: (colonial conquest) created rivalries between nations for power
3. Militarism: (glorification of war) created an “arms race” or a military build up of forces and weapons
4. The alliance system: (military allies) created a world conflict out of a minor incident

Question 3

Purpose of the alliance system?

Answer 3

Create a “balance of power” throughout Europe, believed to help prevent wars, failed badly

Question 4

Who created the alliance system?

Answer 4

Otto von Bismarck of (Germany)

Question 5

Major alliances?

Answer 5

Triple alliance- Germany, Austria-Hungry and Italy

Triple Entente- Great Britain, France and Russia

Question 6

What was known as the “powder keg” ready to explode?

Answer 6

The Balkan Peninsula- made of mostly Slavic peoples who wanted their independence

Question 7

Who had controlled the Balkan Peninsula for centuries?

Answer 7

The Ottoman Turks

Question 8

Who drove out the Ottoman Turks from the Balkan Peninsula?

Answer 8

Austria-Hungarian Empire, who promised freedom but did not deliver

Question 9

A nationalist movement was created to bring independence to the region, called?

Answer 9

Pan-Savism- goal was to create a Slavic state (country) called Yugoslavia

Question 10

What tiny country led out in the Pan-Savism movement?

Answer 10

Serbia

Question 11

What was the incident that caused the War?

Answer 11

The archduke of Austria-Hungry, Franz Ferdinand, and his wife were assassinated by a Serbian terrorist

Question 12

Serbian assassin that killed the archduke?

Answer 12

Gavrilo Princep

Question 13

Why did Serbia refuse Austria-Hungary’s ultimatum?

Answer 13

They had a powerful ally- RUSSIA, the alliance system kicks in and a minor incident becomes the GREAT WAR

Question 14

Mobilization:

Answer 14

Countries begin to prepare for war

Question 15

Propaganda:

Answer 15

Information used to influence opinion

Question 16

How was propaganda used in the Great War?

Answer 16

1. Recruitment of men
2. Promote patriotism at home
3. Make enemy look evil

Question 17

The belligerents (warring sides) ?

Answer 17

1. Central Powers (center of Europe)- Germany, Austrian-Hungary, and the Ottoman Turks -major players
2. Allied powers- Russia, France, Great Britain and later the USA

Question 18

Schlieffen Plan: who? What?

Answer 18

(Alfred Von Schlieffen) German plan to attack through neutral Belgium

Question 19

First battle of war:

Answer 19

Battle of Marne- German attempt to capture Paris- Failed

Question 20

Major fronts of war?

Answer 20

Western and Eastern Front

Question 21

What kind of warfare

Answer 21

Trench warfare

Question 22

“No mans land”

Answer 22

Area between trenches “terrain of death”

Question 23

War become Bloody Stalemate what does that mean?

Answer 23

Neither side could win, young men were slaughtered

Question 24

Why so many casualties?

Answer 24

Industrial revolution created modern deadly weapons

Question 25

What modern weapons were used?

Answer 25

1. Machine gun 2. Artillery 3. Poison gas- mustard gas 4. Tanks 5. Flame throwers 6. Zeppelins “blimps” 7. Airplanes 8. Submarines

Question 26

What was a “flying ace”

Answer 26

5 or more kills in the air

Question 27

Who was the greatest of the aces?

Answer 27

Manfred von Richthofen- Red Baron- 80 kills!

Question 28

Who was the top American Ace from Columbus Ohio?

Answer 28

Eddie Rickenbacker 26 kills

Question 29

What was the Gallipoli campaign?

Answer 29

Plan to attack in the east, Ottoman Empire- disaster for British- to rescue Russia

Question 30

Why did British want to help Russia?

Answer 30

To keep war on both Eastern and Western front

Question 31

USA policy of isolationism

Answer 31

Remains neutral, out of war

Question 32

Events the brought USA into war:

Answer 32

1. Sinking of the Lusitania 2. Unrestricted submarine warfare by Germany 3. Zimmerman Telegram

Question 33

Why did Woodrow Wilson declare war? He said

Answer 33

Make the world “safe for democracy”

Question 34

When did the US join with the allied powers?

Answer 34

1917

Question 35

American impacts on the war:

Answer 35

1. Boosted morale of allied powers 2. Fresh manpower (troops) 3. Supplies and equipment

Question 36

Who was in charge of the American Expeditionary force? (US Army)

Answer 36

Gen John Pershing

Question 37

“Operation Micheal”

Answer 37

German plan to defeat allied powers before US can make a difference, almost works too

Question 38

What changed the tide of the war in 1918?

Answer 38

American troops poured into Europe

Question 39

What flu outbreak killas 50 to 100 million?

Answer 39

Spanish Influenza

Question 40

Big four (country leaders of allied powers)

Answer 40

Great Britain- David Lloyd George France- Georges Clemencean USA- Woodrow Wilson Italy-Vittorio Orlando

Question 41

Wilson’s fourteen points purposes

Answer 41

1. Address the causes of the war | 2. Solutions for world peace

Question 42

Treaty of Versailles

Answer 42

1. Germany had to accept fault for war 2. Germany had to pay for reparations of war 3. Germany lost all colonies and some German Territories 4. Forced to greatly reduce its military

Question 43

Results of WWI

Answer 43

1. Death toll: 20 million died “lost Generation” 2. Bolshevik/ communist revolution 3. Map of Europe changes- 9new countries 4. USA becomes a world power 5. WWII cause by bitterness of the Germans!