The heart Flashcards
(30 cards)
How many chambers are there in the heart?
4.
What are the the chambers in the heart?
Left atrium , right atrium , left ventricle , right ventricle.
What is the heart?
The heart is a muscular organ that pumps blood around the body
What’s the purpose of valves?
To stop the flow of blood going backwards
How many blood vessels are there and what are they?
3 blood vessels and its veins , arteries and capillaries
Where do arteries transport blood from and to where?
Arteries transport blood from the heart to the organs. They all carry oxygenated (contains oxygen) blood (apart from the pulmonary artery).
What two adaptions do arteries have and why?
-Thick muscle walls (Strong and able to cope the high pressure that blood is pumped out by the heart)
-Elastic fibres (The walls have elastic fibres to allow them to stretch and recoil)
Why do capillaries have thin walls?
Allows food, oxygen and waste products to be exchanged efficiently.
What are veins?
Blood vessels located throughout your body that collect oxygen-poor blood and return it to your heart
What are capillaries?
delicate blood vessels that exist throughout your body.
What are arteries?
Strong, muscular blood vessels carry oxygen-rich blood from your heart to your body
What would happen if capillaries had thicker walls and lower surface areas?
Food , oxygen and waste products would diffuse more slowly into the blood
How are veins different to arteries?
1.The walls are thinner than those found in the arteries as the blood is at a lower pressure.
2.Low pressure hinders blood flow. This means that veins have a wider cross-section through which blood can flow to counteract this.
3.Veins have valves to prevent the backflow of blood.
What does the pulmonary vein transport?
The Pulmonary vein transports oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart.
What does the pulmonary artery transport?
The Pulmonary artery transports de-oxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs.
Do veins carry oxygenated or de-oxygenate blood?
de-oxygenated blood
Which is the only type of vein that carries oxygenated blood?
The pulmonary vein
What structure prevents blood from flowing backwards between the chambers of the heart?
Valve
What happens when a heart beats?
1.Blood enters the heart via the atria.
2.Once filled with blood, the atria contract, forcing blood down into the ventricles below.
3.When the ventricles contract, they force blood to exit the heart.
Where else is backflow of blood a problem?
Valves are also used in veins to stop backflow.
What atrium acts as a pacemaker?
A group of cells in the right atrium act as a pacemaker, controlling the pumping heart.
What are the most important blood vessels in veins and arteries and their functions?
Vena cava -The heart receives deoxygenated blood from the body through a vein.
Pulmonary vein -The heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs.
Aorta -The heart pumps out oxygenated blood to the body.
Pulmonary artery -The heart pumps out deoxygenated blood to the lungs.
Coronary arteries -supply the heart muscle with oxygenated blood.
The heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs through which blood vessel?
Pulmonary vein.
What are the three key components in the human circulatory system?
Blood vessels , blood and the heart
