The Heart

Question 1

Find a diagram of the heart without labels and label it

Answer 1

Check based off of book page 76

Question 2

What does the right side of the heart do

Answer 2

Pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs

Question 3

What does the left side of the heart do?

Answer 3

Pumps oxygenated blood to the whole body

Question 4

Is the heart reversed in diagrams?

Answer 4

Yes, the left side is actually right and vice versa

Question 5

Which ventricle of the heart is thicker?

Answer 5

The left ventricle because it needs to powerfully pump blood all the way round the body the right ventricle only needs to get blood to the lungs which are nearby

Question 6

Why do ventricles have thicker walls than the atria?

Answer 6

Because they have to push blood out of the heart, whereas the atria need to push blood a short distance into the ventricles.

Question 7

What do the atrioventricular valves link together?

Answer 7

Link the atria to the ventricles

Question 8

What do the AV valves do?

Answer 8

Stop blood flowing back into the atria when the ventricles contract

Question 9

What are the semilunar valves linked together?

Answer 9

Link ventricles to the pulmonary artery and the aorta

Question 10

What do the semilunar valves do?

Answer 10

Stop blood flowing back into the heart after the ventricles contract

Question 11

What are the chords attached to the atrioventricular valves do?

Answer 11

Attached to the atrial ventricular valves to the ventricles to stop being. Into the atria when the ventricles contract.

Question 12

How do valves work?

Answer 12

They only open one way and whether they’re open or closed, it depends on the relative pressure of the heart chambers
- If there’s high pressure behind the valve it’s forced – but if pressure is higher in front of the valve it’s first shut meaning blood only travels one way through the heart

Question 13

What is cardiac contraction called?

Answer 13

Systole

Question 14

What is cardiac relaxation called?

Answer 14

Diastole

Question 15

Describe what happens when ventricles relax and atria contract- the start of the cardiac cycle

Answer 15

• Ventricles are relaxed
• Atria contract decreasing the volume of the chambers, increasing the pressure in the chambers
• Push his blood into the ventricles
• Slight increase in ventricular pressure and chamber volume as the ventricles receive the ejected blood from the contracting atria

Question 16

Describe what happens when the ventricles contract and the atria relax- 2nd part of the cardiac cycle page 77

Answer 16

• The atria relax
• The ventricles contract decreasing their volume and increasing their pressure
• The pressure becomes higher in the ventricles than the atria
• Forces the AV valves to shut to prevent backflow
• The pressure in the ventricles is also higher than in the aorta and pulmonary artery
• This forces open the SL valves and blood is forced out into these arteries

Question 17

Describe what happens when the ventricles relax and the atria relax- 3rd stage of the cardiac cycle page 77

Answer 17

• The ventricles and the atria are both relax
• Higher pressure in the pulmonary artery and aorta closes the SL valves to prevent backflow into the ventricles
• Blood returns to the heart and the atria fill again due to the high pressure in the vena cava and pulmonary vein
• In term this starts to increase the pressure of the atria
• The ventricles continue to relax. The pressure falls below the pressure of the atria and the AV valves open.
• This allows blood to flow passively without being pushed by atrial contraction into the ventricles
• The atria contract again in the whole process repeats

Question 18

Draw a simple diagram of the heart showing the SL and AV valves

Answer 18

Shown on page 78