The Heart And Blood Vessels Flashcards
A breakdown of the heart all blood vessels in the body (14 cards)
What are the properties of an artery
Narrow, no valves, oxygenated blood, high pressure of blood, thick walls but thin muscle layer, deep under the skin, take blood away from the heart
Veins?
Wide, have valves, low blood pressure, thin muscle layer, closer to the surface of the skin, take blood to the heart, deoxygenated blood
Capillaries?
No muscle,, no valves, very narrow, thin, low blood pressure, oxygenated and deoxygenated blood
Why do veins have valves?
Valves stop the blood from going back
Describe the journey of blood through the heart
Blood enters the heart through the right atrium.It then travels through the right ventricle and up to the pulmonary artery and to the lungs.From the lungs it collects its oxygen and makes its way back with oxygenated blood through the pulmonary vein.From there it goes to the left atrium then the left ventricle before going to the body through the aorta.Oxygrn is used up and then returns to the heart through the vena cava
What is a double circulatory system
Blood which passes through the heart twice and is sent to two places
What is an advantage of a double circulatory system?
Makes the circulatory system more efficient
What is the function of the blood?
To carry dissolved substances around the body that are needed by the cells in our body
What is the fluid called that the cells sit in in the blood
Plasma
What is the function of red blood cells
They carry oxygen to the cells and hsve no nucleus and a bioconcave shape in order to carry as much oxygen as possible.They also carry a red pigment called haemoglobin
White blood cells?
They are larger than red blood cells yet we have fewer of them .They have a nucleus and are involved in fighting diseases and preventing them
What are platelets
Tiny fragments that help block a wound and form a scab to stop bleeding.When we start to bleed a signal is sent that makes platelets rush to the wound to block it up
What are phagocytes
Type of cell that has the ability to digest/ingest foreign particles such as bacteria , carbon , dust or dye.It engulfs them by extending its cytoplasm and forming a vacuole around it
What are lymphocytes
Type of white blood cells that is of fundamental importance to our immune system because they are cells which determine the specificity of the immune responses to infectious diseases
