The human body

Question 1

Plasma

Answer 1

90% water
Carries platelets and red and white blood cells
Carries dissolved substances (10%) eg.glucose,proteins,urea

Question 2

Haemoglobin

Answer 2

a red protein responsible for transporting oxygen in the blood of vertebrates. Its molecule comprises four subunits, each containing an iron atom bound to a haem group.

Question 3

Aorta

Answer 3

The aorta is the largest artery in the body. The aorta begins at the top of the left ventricle, the heart’s muscular pumping chamber. The heart pumps blood from the left ventricle into the aorta through the aortic valve.

Question 4

Venae cavae

Answer 4

Venae cavae are two large veins that return deoxygenated blood from the body into the heart

Question 5

Septum

Answer 5

The septum is the cartilage in the nose that separates the nostrils. Typically, it sits at the center and divides the nostrils evenly.

Question 6

Atria

Answer 6

The upper two heart chambers are called atria. Atria are separated by an interatrial septum into the left atrium and the right atrium.

Question 7

Ventricles

Answer 7

The ventricles are structures that produce cerebrospinal fluid, and transport it around the cranial cavity.

Question 8

Pulmonary artery

Answer 8

A pulmonary artery is an artery in the pulmonary circulation that carries deoxygenated blood from the right side of the heart to the lungs.

Question 9

Pulse

Answer 9

Your pulse is your heart rate, or the number of times your heart beats in one minute. Pulse rates vary from person to person. Your pulse is lower when you are at rest and increases when you exercise (more oxygen-rich blood is needed by the body when you exercise).

Question 10

Ingestion

Answer 10

The food is taken into the mouth

Question 11

Digestion

Answer 11

The food is broken down into simpler absorbable molecules

Question 12

Absorption

Answer 12

the absorbable molecules are passed into the blood and carried to all of the cells of the body

Question 13

Simulation

Answer 13

the food is used by the body for energy and to build new cells

Question 14

Egestion

Answer 14

undigested food material is released from the digestive system as faeces

Question 15

Villi

Answer 15

small fingerlike projections that cover the small intestines. They provide an increased surface area to allow food to be absorbed into the bloodstream.

Question 16

Enzymes

Answer 16

are chemicals that speed up reactions without being used up in the reaction.

Question 17

Mouth

Answer 17

physical and chemical digestion

Oesophagus: brings food from mouth to stomach

Question 18

Liver

Answer 18

makes bile

Stomach: Physical and chemical digestion

Question 19

Pancreas

Answer 19

makes digestive juices

Small intestine: Most chemical digestion

Question 20

Large intestine

Answer 20

Water reabsorption

Question 21

Rectum

Answer 21

Stores undigested food

Question 22

Anus

Answer 22

undigested food passes out