The Human Body - Axial Skeleton

Question 1

Thorax (thoracic cage)

Answer 1

Encloses the heart, lungs, and great vessels.

Question 2

Foramen magnum

Answer 2

The brain and the spinal cord are connected through large opening at the base of the skull called the foramen magnum

Question 3

Mastoid process

Answer 3

At the base of the temporal bone is a cone shaped section of bone known as the mastoid process. This area is an important site for attachment of various muscles

Question 4

Smooth muscle

Answer 4

Smooth muscle is found within blood vessels in the intestines. Smooth muscles respond only to primitive stimuli such as stretching, heat, or the need to relieve waste. A person cannot exert any voluntary control over this type of muscle. For example, when you hear your stomach growling, you really are hearing the rhythmic contractions of the smooth muscles of your intestines.

Question 5

Cardiac muscle

Answer 5

Cardiac muscle is found only within the heart. the heart is a large muscle composed of a pair of pumps of unequal force: One of lower pressure and one of higher pressure. The heart must function continuously from birth to death it is a specially adapted involuntary muscle with a very rich blood supply and its own electrical system, which makes it different from both skeletal and smooth muscle. Another difference is that cardiac muscle has the property of “Automaticity,“ which means that the heart muscle can generate and conduct electricity without influence from the brain. This property is you need to heart muscle. Cardiac muscle can tolerate an interruption of its blood supply for only a few seconds. It requires a continuous supply of oxygen and glucose for normal function. Because of the special structure and function, cardiac muscle is placed in a separate category

Question 6

Upper airway

Answer 6

The upper airway includes the nose, mouth, tongue, jaw, oral cavity, larynx, and pharynx

Question 7

Larynx

Answer 7

The larynx is the dividing line between the upper and lower airway. The larynx is a rather complex arrangement of tiny bones, cartilage, muscles, and two vocal cords. Does not tolerate any foreign solid or liquid material.

Question 8

Pharynx

Answer 8

The pharynx is composed of the nasopharynx, oropharynx, and the laryngopharynx.

Question 9

Esophagus

Answer 9

The esophagus is located at the bottom of the pharynx behind the trachea. Food and liquids into the pharynx and pass into the esophagus, which carries them to the stomach.

Question 10

Trachea

Answer 10

Located at the bottom of the pharynx the trachea (windpipe) Resides in front of the esophagus. Air and other gases into the trachea and go to the lungs.

Question 11

Epiglottis

Answer 11

The epiglottis protects the opening of the trachea and is a thin, leaf shaped valve. This valve allows air to pass into the trachea but prevents food and liquid from entering the airway under normal circumstances.