THE HUMANISTIC APPROACH Flashcards
(12 cards)
1
Q
- what era was the humanistic approach developed
- who developed it
A
- 1950s
- Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers
2
Q
What does the humanistic approach focus on
A
- conscious experience, not behaviour or personal responsibility
- free will, not determinism
- discussion of experiences, not experiments
3
Q
State the 5 assumptions of the humanistic approach
A
- free will
- Maslow’s theory
- focus on self (Roger’s)
- congruence
- conditions of worth
4
Q
Outline what is meant by free will
A
- choices are our own, not determined by other forces
- we have conscious control over destiny
5
Q
What is Maslow’s theory?
A
- hierarchy of needs
- importance of personal growth
6
Q
Describe the hierarchy of needs
- Maslow’s theory
A
- bottom = basic
- top = self actualisation/personal growth
- each level must be fulfilled to move up
- the more basic the need, the more difficult it is to ignore
7
Q
Outline what is meant by Self-actualisation
- Maslow’s theory
A
- highest level of hierarchy of needs
- highest level of personal growth
- most who attained this level are creative, accepting, positive etc
8
Q
Outline what is meant by “Focus on Self”
- Roger’s theory
A
- refers to our self concept
- greater self worth, greater psychological health
9
Q
Outline what is meant by congruence
A
- similarity between our ideal self and actual self
- defence mechanisms employed to feel less threatened by inconsistencies
10
Q
Outline what is meant by conditions of worth
- Rogers
A
- beliefs about what you must do to gain acceptance
UNCONDITIONAL POSITIVE REGARD - being accepted for who you are
CONDITIONAL POSITIVE REGARD - being accepted if you do what others want you to do
- only being accepted if you meet expectations that others have
11
Q
Outline what is meant by Rogers’ client /person - centred therapy
A
- client encouraged to discover their own solutions
- supportive, therapeutic atmosphere
- aims to reduce incongruence
THERAPIST SHOULD PROVIDE - genuineness - empathy - unconditional positive regard
12
Q
What is one real life application of the humanistic approach
A
Client/person centred therapy
