The impact of Henrician religious changes, 1533-37; the break with Rome and the dissolution of the monasteries Flashcards
(49 cards)
1533 - 1537
- Break from Rome
- Henry Supreme Head of the Church
Who had masterminded the break with Rome and the royal supremacy?
Thomas Cromwell
Which institution was used to legalise Henry’s actions and create a means through which opponents of the supremacy could be punished?
Acts of Parliament
Who did Henry annul his marriage to in 1533 and who did he marry in the same year?
Annul - Catherine of Aragon
Married - Anne Boleyn
Henry’s religious beliefs:
Was not a religious reformer
Thomas Cromwell and Thomas Cranmer beliefs:
Radical religious views
North and South’s religious beliefs:
North - Traditional Catholic beliefs were still predominant
South - Reformist ideas
What did Henry appoint Cromwell as in 1535?
Vicegerent in Spirituals
What did Cromwell do as Vicegerent in Spirituals?
- Alter the doctrine
- Appointed new bishops such as Hugh Latimer
Actions Cromwell took to ensure support for Henry’s changes in churches: (2)
- Launched a propaganda campaign in support of the supremacy through preaching in churches
- in April 1535, Royal letters were sent to all bishops, nobility and JPs ordering them to imprison clergymen who continued to preach in support of the Pope’s authority
When was the Act of Ten Articles?
1536
Act of Ten Articles significance: (3)
- First attempt to define the doctrine of the new English Church
- Article on the Eucharist was deliberately ambiguous
- The number of sacraments was decreased from 7 to 3
Cromwell’s injunctions of 1536: (3)
- Attacked traditional practices such as pilgrimages
- Emphasis placed on relics and images and the worship of saints
- Banned Holy Days
What area was most reluctant to follow Henry’s religious changes?
North of England
Sir Richard Rich:
Chancellor of the Court of Augmentations and helped Cromwell in the organisation of the dissolution of the monasteries
When was the Act of Supremacy passed?
1534
What did the Act of Supremacy do?
- Confirmed Henry as the head of the English Church
- Oath had to be taken
When was the treason act passed?
1534
What did the treason act do?
- Classed as treason if you plotted against the King or spoke out against the king or supremacy
Which 2 high profile men refused to accept the supremacy and what happened to them in 1535?
- Sir Thomas More and John Fisher
- Both executed
Members of the conservative faction at Court:
- Thomas Howard, Duke of Norfolk
- Edward Stanley, Earl of Derby
- Henry Percy, Earl of Northumberland
What was the aim of this conservative faction?
To see a restoration of Catholicism
What happened to Princess Mary in 1534?
Made illegitimate and barred from the succession
What did the Court-based plot of 1535-6 aim to do?
Sought to remove Henry altogether and to replace him with Mary instead
