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NURS175 > The Importance of Sleep > Flashcards

The Importance of Sleep Flashcards

1
Q

chronic sleep loss effects

A

adverse outcomes for health and wellbeing

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2
Q

insufficient sleep in the short term effects

A
  • alters mood
  • decreases ability to concentrate, make decisions, and participate in daily activities
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3
Q

rest

A

eliminating stressors

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4
Q

rest contributes to:

A
  • mental relaxation
  • freedom from anxiety
  • state of mental, physical and spiritual activity
  • relaxation techniques
  • doing something one enjoys
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5
Q

rest may include

A

ceasing motion and closing eyes

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6
Q

sleep

A
  • a cyclic, physiological, and behavioural process that alternates with longer periods of wakefulness
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7
Q

sleep effect on vital signs

A

reduces

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8
Q

psychological purpose of sleep

A
  • improved memory
  • daytime alertness
  • processing of stored information form the day
  • mood, stable emotions
  • stress is better managed
  • social functioning
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9
Q

physiological purpose of sleep

A
  • decreased muscle tone
  • decreased urination and hormone secretions
  • cell and tissue repair
  • brain tissue restoration
  • improves immune functioning and renal function
  • slows down body in general
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10
Q

what region affects wakefullness and sleep (wake-sleep transition)

A

RAS
reticular activating system

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11
Q

what region causes sleep

A

Bulbar synchronizing region

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12
Q

what two hormones regulate sleep

A
  • adenosine
  • melatonin
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13
Q

how does adenosine regulate sleep

A
  • builds up in the blood when awake
  • body breaks it down during sleep
  • lack of sleep alters adenosine levels
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14
Q

melatonin

A
  • natural hormone
  • causes a person to feel drowsy
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15
Q

when sleep-wake cycle is disrupted what problems can it cause

A
  • loss of appetite and weight loss (or gain)
  • anxiety
  • restlessness
  • irritability
  • impaired judgement
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16
Q

circadian rhythms

A
  • 24 hours
  • biological clock
    • syncronizes sleep wake cycles (bedtime)
    • affect individual optimal time of the day
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17
Q

factors that influence circadian rhythms

A
  • light
  • temperature
  • social activities
  • work routines
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18
Q

stage 1 of sleep

A
  • lightest levels of sleep
  • 2-5% of adult sleep time
  • only lasts a few minutes
  • person is unresponsive but easily roused by sensory stimuli, such as noise
  • physiological activity begins to decrease, accompanied by a gradual fall in vital signs and metabolism
  • muscle tone is present
  • when awakend, a person feels as though they have been daydreaming
19
Q

stage 2 of sleep

A
  • sound sleep
  • 45-55% of adult sleep time (greatest portion of sleep)
  • relaxation progresses
  • body functions continues to slow
  • muscle tone remains present
20
Q

stage 3 sleep

A
  • deepest sleep
  • 10% of adult sleep time
  • muscle becomes competely relaxed
  • vital sings significantly lower
  • parasommias may occur
  • more propionate during the first half of sleep
  • previously missed sleep will result in more time spent in this stage
21
Q

REM

A
  • rapid eye movements are present
  • respirations are irregular, shallow, variations in HR and BP
  • dreaming occurs more frequently
  • usually begins about 90 mins into sleep
  • loss of muscle tome, gastric secretion increase
  • person is difficult to rouse
  • duration increases with each cycle
22
Q

pre sleep period lasts

A

10-30 mins

23
Q

neonates sleep requirment

A

16 hours

24
Q

infants sleep requirement

A

12-14 hours

25
Q

toddlers sleep requirent

A

12-14 hours

26
Q

schoolaged children sleep requirment

A

9-10 hours

27
Q

which health factors can cause sleep deprivation

A
  • pain
  • mood disorders (anxiety, depression)
  • illness and need to sleep in an uncomfortable position
  • respitory disease
  • cardiac disorders
  • obesity
  • nocturia
28
Q

sleep deprivation can cause increased physiological risk for

A
  • chronic illness
  • cancer
  • stroke
  • cardiac disorders
  • obesity
  • hypertension
  • diabetes
29
Q

insomnia

A
  • temporary or chronic
  • difficulty falling asleep or waking early
30
Q

potential causes of insommina

A
  • depression
  • breathing conditions
  • hot flashes
  • stroke
  • stress
    -stomach upset
  • arthritis
  • parkinsons
  • feeling overwhelmed
  • cardiac disoreders
  • frequent urination
  • dementia
31
Q

hypersomnia

A
  • excessice, prolnged sleepiness of difficultly waking
  • related to narcolepsy, sleep apnea, pain disorders and mood disorders
32
Q

narcolepsy

A
  • neurological disorder that causes people to fall asleep at any given time of the day when they want to be awkae
  • can have serios effects on quality of life
33
Q

parasomnia

A
  • sleep walking
  • talking in sleep
  • night terrors
  • bed wetting
34
Q

what is one of the most common sleep disorders

A

obstructive sleep apnea

35
Q

obstructuve sleep apnea

A
  • prolonged or repetitive interruptions in airflow
  • causes frequent but unperceived waking
  • breathing stops when sleeping
  • snoring is almost always present
36
Q

OSA risk factors

A
  • *obesity
  • alchol consumption
  • positive family history ‘- ethnicity (asian0
37
Q

OSA may effect

A
  • middle aged men
  • post menopausal women
  • younger women
  • children
38
Q

how is sleep apnea managed

A

CPAP machine

39
Q

CPAP machine

A
  • provides a constant high pressure flow of air
  • keeps airway constantly open
40
Q

asseament questions of sleep history

A
  • description of sleeping problems
  • usual sleep pattern
  • current life events
  • bedtime routine
  • bed partners
  • bedtime enviorment
  • behaviours associated with sleep deprivation
  • lifestyle (i.e shift work)
  • frequent travel (jet leg)
  • emotional stress
  • noise
  • excersize
41
Q

nursing diagnosises for disturbed sleep

A

anxiety
- ineffective breathing pattern
- ineffective coping
- ineffective health maintenece
- fatigue
- insommnia
- sleep deprivation

42
Q

nursing implementation for diturbed sleep

A
  • enviormental controls
  • promoting bedtime routines
  • promoting saftey
  • providing comfort
  • establishing periods of rest and sleep
  • stress reduction
  • nutritional conciderations
  • substance use
43
Q

how to manage shift work

A
  • sleep as much as possible between shifts
  • avoid other sleep inhibitors if possible
  • understand your needs
  • stay hydrated and nourished
  • maintain healthy sleep hygiene

NURS175 (12 decks)

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