The Inguinal Region, Scrotum, Hernias Flashcards Preview

Anatomy: Block 3- Thorax and Abdomen > The Inguinal Region, Scrotum, Hernias > Flashcards

Flashcards in The Inguinal Region, Scrotum, Hernias Deck (42)
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1
Q

What is the reflected portion of the inguinal ligament?

A

Poupart’s ligament

2
Q

From what do the lateral and medial crus arise?

A

External oblique aponeurosis

3
Q

Where does the lateral crus attach?

A

The pubic tubercle

4
Q

What forms the pectineal ligament?

A

Fibers of the lateral crus

5
Q

What forms the lacunar ligament?

A

Fibers of the lateral crus

6
Q

Where does the medial crus attach

A

The pubic crest

7
Q

What exits the superficial inguinal ring in females

A

Round ligament of the uterus

8
Q

From what muscle does the cremaster m. arise?

A

Internal oblique muscle

9
Q

What forms the floor of the inguinal canal?

A

transversalis fascia

10
Q

What are the boundaries of Hesselbach’s triangle?

A

Medial- linea semilunaris
Lateral- inferior epigastric vessels
inferiorly- inguinal ligament

11
Q

What is composed of arching fibers between Poupart’s ligament and pectineal (Cooper’s) ligament

A

Lacunar ligament

12
Q

What is the function of the cremaster muscle

A

it pulls the testicles closer to the body in low temperatures

13
Q

What is the afferent part of the cremasteric reflex

A

GSA portion of the femoral branch of the genitofemoral n., the obturator n., or the ilioinguinal n.

14
Q

What is the efferent part of the cremasteric reflex?

A

GSE portion of the genital branch of the genitofemoral

15
Q

What makes up the Conjoint Tendon (Falx Inguinalis)

A

Combined insertion of Internal Oblique m. and Transversus Abdominis m. on pubis

16
Q

What are the contents of the inguinal canal

A

Spermatic cord (round ligament in women) and ilioinguinal n.

17
Q

Where and what does the iliohypogastric n. supply?

A

Provides motor and sensory innervation to the superpubic area

18
Q

Where and what does the ilioinguinal n supply?

A

Provides sensory innervation to lateral aspect of labia/scrotum and the thigh

19
Q

In what layer is the internal inguinal ring formed

A

Transversalis fascia

20
Q

From what vessels do the inferior epigastric vessels branch?

A

External iliac vessels

21
Q

Where on the abdominal wall does the inferior epigastric vessels run?

A

Posterior to the abdominis rectus

22
Q

What forms the anterior wall of the inguinal canal

A

external oblique aponeurosis throughout- lateral 1/3 reinforced by fibers of the internal oblique

23
Q

What forms the posterior wall of the inguinal canal?

A

Lateral 2/3 is only formed by transversalis fascia; medial 1/3 is reinforced by the conjoint tendon and Poupart’s ligament

24
Q

What forms the roof of the inguinal canal

A

Over-arching fibers of the internal oblique and transversus abdominis mm.

25
Q

What forms the floor of the inguinal canal?

A

Inguinal ligament and lacunar ligament + poupart’s ligament in the medial 1/3

26
Q

What is an indirect inguinal hernia

A

Abdominal contents protrude through internal inguinal ring into the inguinal canal

27
Q

What is a direct inguinal hernia?

A

Abdominal contents exit directly through floor of inguinal canal through the transversalis fascia and exits via the external inguinal ring

28
Q

What are the contents of the femoral canal?

A

femoral n, a, v, empty space, and lymphatics

29
Q

What is a femoral hernia

A

bulging through empty space in the femoral canal into the thigh

30
Q

What kind of hernias can be congenital and why do they come about?

A

Indirect hernias- the processus vaginalis doesn’t close completely

31
Q

What is a pantaloon hernia?

A

Occurs when one has a direct and indirect hernia simultaneously

32
Q

What is the temporary extension the peritoneum that accompanies the testicle as it descends into the scrotum

A

Process vaginalis

33
Q

What is the only portion of the process vaginalis that persists?

A

Tunica vaginalis

34
Q

Where is sperm stored prior to ejaculation?

A

Epididymis

35
Q

What are the contents of the spermatic cord?

A

Vas deferens, testicular a, a of vas deferens, cremasteric a, pampiniform plexus of veins, sympathetics, genital branch of genitofemoral n, lymphatic vessels, GVA nerves

36
Q

What is a hydrocele

A

Condition in which there is excess fluid in the sac possibly resulting from a persistent processus vaginalis

37
Q

What is a varicocele

A

Abnormal enlargment of pampiniform plexus

38
Q

What is a spermatocele?

A

Retention cyst of a tubule of the rete testis or head of epididymis

39
Q

What are the layers of the scrotum external to internal?

A

Skin, Darto’s fascia, external spermatic fascia, cremasteric fascia, internal spermatic fascia, tunica vaginalis

40
Q

What supplies sensory innervation to the posterior scrotum

A

Pudendal n (S2, S3, S4), scrotal branches of the posterior femoral cutaneous n, and perineal nn.

41
Q

What supplies sensory innervation to the anterior scrotum

A

Ilioinguinal n., and genital branch of the genitofemoral n.

42
Q

What is Fourneir’s gangrene?

A

Necotizing fascitis of the perineum–aggressive infection