The Instructional Process Flashcards by Kassidy Alexander

this technique improves listening skills by structuring how a person listens and responds to the person who is talking

active listening

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

controls the development of emotions, values, and attitudes

affective domain

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

the process of inspecting something critically

analyzing

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

consist of genuine objects or articles created by a person

artifacts

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

process of gathering data to determine the extent to which learning goals have been met

assessment

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

this device amplifies the teacher’s speech so that it can be heard clearly by students

audio aid

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

describes how rewards and punishments condition student behavior and learning

behaviorism

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

is an unfair inclination toward a person or idea that invalidates objectivity

bias

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

classifies cognitive processes from simple to abstract

Bloom’s taxonomy

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

this is the process of generating ideas related to a specific problem or concept

brainstorming

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

this is the practice of sorting into groups by characteristics

categorize

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

this is the practice of omitting words from the text as a reading comprehension activity

cloze procedure

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

this training occurs when one person receives support from another toward the achievement of a goal

coaching

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

the ways students process new information, store knowledge, and retrieve it to apply to new circumstances fall within this domain

cognitive domain

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

this is when students note the similarities between two or more things

compare

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

learning activities are facilitated through computer technology

computer-mediated instruction

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

a form of learning that involves classifying information by topic

concept learning

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

this is the practice of using graphic organizers to present thoughts or information

concept mapping

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

students construct their own knowledge through learning experience

constructivism

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

this is when students note the differences between two or more things

contrast

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

this form of thinking describes cognitive processes, such as brainstorming, that are designed to generate new thoughts, ideas, and solutions

creative thinking

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

this form of thinking involves looking at evidence from an objective viewpoint to make inferences or draw conclusions

critical thinking

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

are formal discussions about opposing arguments

debates

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

certain conclusions are drawn by using known information and narrowing it to a specific circumstance

deductive reasoning

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

this is the practice of providing evidence of an observable conclusion

demonstration

this form of teaching is centered on the teacher and instruction is based on disseminating facts

direct teaching

students perform experiments or research information to comprehend new concepts

discovery learning

this type of learning involves provisions for educating students that re not in attendance at a school facility

distance learning

this is the opportunity to learn objectives at a deeper level than outlined in the curriculum standards

enrichment

this is when something or someone is assessed

evaluate

this type of learning happens through experiences and may include hands-on learning

experiential learning

this centers on focused and unambiguous teaching of a specific skill or standard

explicit teaching

these are external rewards, such as trinkets, praise, or recognition, bestowed upon someone for doing a good job

extrinsic rewards

this is the practice of applying what is known from a small sample and assuming it to be true about a larger group

generalize

this movement is intended to nonverbally convey meaning

gesture

students practice a new concept with scaffolded support from the teacher

guided practice

learning experiences are completed autonomously by the student

independent learning

this term describes student-centered instruction in which the teacher facilitates opportunities for students to construct their own learning

indirect teaching

likely conclusions are drawn by putting together known concepts and applying them to a new situation

inductive reasoning

students draw a conclusion using reasoning skills

infer

is the process of finding answers to questions

inquiry

this framework entails a plan for achieving goals in all subject areas by combining content across disciplines

integrative framework

this learning approach relies heavily on social interaction and cooperative grouping

interactive learning

this is a unit of study in which content from all subject areas is integrated

interdisciplinary unit

learners are internally satisfied by doing work because it is interesting, challenging, or relevant, or makes them feel successful

intrinsic rewards

these centers are segments of the classroom in which independent learning activities are provided to students

learning centers

these types of contracts are agreements negotiated between a student and a teacher, with possible input from other school personnel r parents, designed for the improvement of an objective

learning contracts

the three domains of learning are cognitive, affective, and psychomotor

learning domain

this is teacher-led instruction; the teacher talks while the students listen and possibly take notes

lecture

this objective establishes the student's learning goals for a lesson

lesson objective

these are statements or questions that provide instructional focus when listening to a lecture or other form of auditory instruction

listening guides

information is stored for a long period of time and may be recalled

long-term memory

these include items that students are able to move or change during hands-on instruction

manipulatives

this is the practice of graphically organizing thoughts by starting with a main idea and organizing thoughts and ideas around the main idea

mapping

this is a cognitive process of storing and retrieving information that has been learned

memory

involves demonstrating for others so that they can learn through mimicry

modeling

these include representations or examples

models

the teacher uses gestures or other physical prompts to assist students

nonverbal prompting

this is a certified professional who assesses and provides treatments for the development of life skills among disabled individuals

occupational therapist

this is a type of instruction in which a teacher works with one individual student on a concept

one-on-one

students work with a partner to discuss learning as it is taking place

pair-share

this is a trained teacher assistant

paraprofessional

this is the practice of using social interaction among students to promote learning goals

peer practice

this type of therapist is a certified professional who evaluates and treats mobility issues

physical therapist

this involves having forethought in implementation and design to achieve a desired outcome

plannign

this is the act of anticipating what will happen

predict

children learn by solving open-ended questions

problem-based learning

this is the process of finding answers to difficult questions

problem-solving

controls motor skill development

psychomotor domain

is used to penalize for the purpose of extinguishing behavior

punishment

involves inquiries that are used to help focus instruction and assess understanding

questioning

these guides include statements or questions that lead students through the text, providing instructional focus

reading guides

this is the act of retrieving facts

recall

this theory by Albert Bandura states that behavior is determined by a combination of cognitive factors, the environment, and stimuli

reciprocal determinism

the teacher hears a speaker and then repeats back the meaning behind his or her words in order to clarify understanding

reflective listening

this is the process of strengthening behavior through rewards or consequences

reinforcement

the additional support provided to regular education students to bridge gaps in learning

remediation

these types of projects are studies of specific concepts using scientific principles for gathering information

research projects

the learner or listener repeats what has been learned using his or her own wording

restatement

this involves using play-acting to demonstrate a concept

role-play

this term describes the supports that allow a child to work above his or her independent level and are gradually removed as the learner gains mastery

scaffolds

this term indicates the framework of understanding in a child's brain

schema

outlines the learning objectives that will be taught to students, including all supporting standards and the level of complexity

scope

refers to the order in which learning objectives are taught to maximize student success

sequence

information enters the conscious memory but is not stored for recall at a later time

short-term memory

these models mimic real-world processes

simulations

instruction is provided to a group composed of learners with similar instructional needs

small group

this type of therapist is a certified professional who diagnoses and treats communication disorders

speech therapist

this form of education involves a set of learning outcomes clearly set by the district and state that all students are expected to achieve

standards-based education

when an individual provides a condensed version of a story of an explanation

summarize

this is the process of combining information from various sources and applying it to a new area

synthesize

an unplanned event occurs, triggering interest in learning more about a related topic

teachable moment

this kind of unit involves integrating curricula across content areas under a general theme

thematic unit

this is processing time that a learner takes after receiving new information before responding to it

think time

the teacher uses words or beginning phonemes to assist students

verbal prompting

this theory by Albert Bandura involves learning by observing the consequences to others that evokes emotion from the observer

vicarious learning

these guides include statements or questions that provide instructional focus while students are watching films or clips

viewing guides

this is something that can be shown to students to accompany text or speech in order to clarify meaning

visual aid

this is a change of pitch or tone to express meaning

vocal inflection

this involves emphasizing a word or words to convey meaning

vocal stress

this involves a certain way of sounding that expresses meaning

vocal tone

this is processing time that is intentionally provided by the teacher after asking a question to give learners think think time

wait time

instruction is delivered to all of the students in the class at the same. time in the same way

whole class

The Instructional Process Flashcards

Ch. 2